Hsp90 inhibitors

ABSTRACT

The disclosure relates to Compounds of Formulae (IA) and (IB), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof wherein Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Xa, Xb, Xc, Xd, Y, X 2 , and X 4  are as defined herein, compositions comprising an effective amount of a Compound of Formula (IA) and/or (IB), and methods to treat or prevent a condition, such cancer which overexpresses Her-kinases, comprising administering to an patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a Compound of Formula (IA) or (IB). The disclosure further relates to compounds of Formulae (IA) and (IB) in which X 2  is a leaving for introducing a radiolabeled atom, such as  124 I or  131 I and to methods of using such compounds in the preparation of radiolabeled compounds, particularly for use in imaging.

This application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/009,976, filed Oct. 4, 2013, which is a 371 of International Application No. PCT/US2012/032371, filed Apr. 5, 2012, which claims the benefit of and priority from U.S. provisional application No. 61/472,061, filed Apr. 5, 2011, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

GOVERNMENT LICENSE RIGHTS

This invention was made with government support under grant AG032969 awarded by The National Institutes of Health. The government has certain rights in the invention.

BACKGROUND

This application relates to compounds that inhibit heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90).

The Hsp90 family of proteins has four recognized members in mammalian cells; Hsp90 α and β, Grp94 and Trap-1. Hsp90 α and β exist in the cytosol and the nucleus in association with a number of other proteins. Hsp90 in its various form is the most abundant cellular chaperone, and has been shown in experimental systems to be required for ATP-dependent refolding of denatured or “unfolded” proteins. It has therefore been proposed to function as part of the cellular defense against stress. When cells are exposed to heat or other environmental stresses, the aggregation of unfolded proteins is prevented by pathways that catalyze their refolding or degradation. This process depends on the association of the unfolded protein in an ordered fashion with multiple chaperones (Hsp60, Hsp90, Hsp70 and p23), forming a “refoldosome” and ultimately the ATP-dependent release of the chaperones from the refolded protein.

Hsp90 can also play a role in maintaining the stability and function of mutated proteins. It seems to be required for expression of mutated p53 and v-src to a much greater extent than for their wild-type counterparts. It has been suggested that this occurs as a result of Hsp90-mediated suppression of the phenotypes of mutations that lead to protein unfolding.

Hsp90 is also necessary to the conformational maturation of several key proteins involved in the growth response of the cell to extracellular factors. These include the steroid receptors as well as certain kinases (i.e., Raf serine kinase, v-src and Her2). The mechanism whereby Hsp90 affects these proteins is not fully understood, but appears to be similar to its role in protein refolding. In the case of the progesterone receptor, it has been shown that binding and release of Hsp90 from the receptor occurs in a cyclic fashion in concert with release of other chaperones and immunophilins and is required for high affinity binding of the steroid to the receptor. Thus, Hsp90 could function as a physiologic regulator of signaling pathways, even in the absence of stress.

Hsp90 has been shown to be overexpressed in multiple tumor types and as a function of oncogenic transformation. Whether it plays a necessary role in maintaining transformation is unknown, but it could have at least three functions in this regard. Cancer cells grow in an environment of hypoxia, low pH and low nutrient concentration. They also rapidly adapt to or are selected to become resistant to radiation and cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents. Thus, the general role of Hsp90 in maintaining the stability of proteins under stress may be necessary for cell viability under these conditions. Secondly, cancer cells harbor mutated oncogenic proteins. Some of these are gain-of-function mutations which are necessary far the transformed phenotype. Hsp90 may be required for maintaining the folded, functionally-active conformation of these proteins. Thirdly, activation of signaling pathways mediated by steroid receptors, Raf and other Hsp90 targets is necessary for the growth and survival of many tumors which thus probably also require functional Hsp90.

Hsp90 has been recognized as a viable target for therapeutic agents. Hsp90 family members possess a unique pocket in their N-terminal region that is specific to and conserved among all Hsp90s from bacteria to mammals, but which is not present in other molecular chaperones. The endogenous ligand for this pocket is not known, but it binds ATP and ADP with low affinity and has weak ATPase activity. The ansamycin antibiotics geldanamycin (GM) and herbimycin (HA) have been shown to bind to this conserved pocket, and this binding affinity has been shown for all members of the Hsp90 family. International Patent Publication No. WO98/51702 discloses the use of ansamycin antibiotics coupled to a targeting moiety to provide targeted delivery of the ansamycin leading to the degradation of proteins in and death of the targeted cells. International Patent Publication No. WO00/61578 relates to bifunctional molecules having two moieties which interact with the chaperone protein Hsp90, including in particular homo- and heterodimers of ansamycin antibiotics. These bifunctional molecules act to promote degradation and/or inhibition of HER-family tyrosine kinases and are effective for treatment of cancers which overexpress Her-kinases.

Exemplary small molecule therapeutics that bind to the same binding pocket of Hsp90 as ATP and the ansamycin antibiotics are disclosed in PCT Publication Nos. WO02/36075, WO2006/084030, WO2009/042646, WO2009/065035, and WO2011/044394; U.S. Pat. No. 7,834,181; and U.S. Patent Publication Nos. 2005/0113339, 2005/0004026, 2005/0049263, 2005/0256183, 2005/0119292, 2005/0113340, 2005/0107343, 2008/0096903, 2008/0234297, 2008/0234314, and 2009/0298857, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.

In particular, certain small molecule therapeutics that bind to the same binding pocket of Hsp90 can be described by the following general structural formula where Z₁, Z₂, and Z₃ are selected from CH and N and the variable substituents are selected from a number of options:

While these compounds can be active as inhibitors of Hsp90, their level of activity is extremely variable with measured values for EC₅₀ and IC₅₀ being reported in anywhere from the micromolar to nanomolar ranges.

SUMMARY

In one aspect of the disclosure, new compounds that inhibit Hsp90 are described.

Compounds of Formula (IA) or (IB) are herein disclosed:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

-   -   (a) each of Z₁, Z₂ and Z₃ is independently CH or N;     -   (b) Y is CH₂, O, or S;     -   (c) Xa, Xb, Xc and Xd are independently selected from CH, CH₂,         O, N, NH, S, carbonyl, fluoromethylene, and difluoromethylene         selected so as to satisfy valence, wherein each bond to an X         group is either a single bond or a double bond;     -   (d) X₂ is halogen, aryl, alkynyl, or amino;     -   (e) X₄ is hydrogen or halogen; and     -   (f) R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or         unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or         unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted         or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted         cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by 1, 2, or 3         groups selected from —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—,         —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, and —NR_(A)C(O)—,         and/or terminated by —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R₃,         —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or         —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B), wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently         selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆         alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl,         heteroeryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl,         heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The invention includes the following:

(1) A Compound of Formula (IA) or (IB):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

-   -   (a) each of Z₁, Z₂ and Z₃ is independently CH or N;     -   (b) Y is CH₂, O, or S;     -   (c) Xa, Xb, Xc and Xd are independently selected from CH, CH₂,         O, N, NH, S, carbonyl, fluoromethylene, and difluoromethylene         selected so as to satisfy valence, wherein each band to an X         group is either a single bond or a double bond;     -   (d) X₂ is halogen, aryl, alkynyl, or amino;     -   (e) X₄ is hydrogen or halogen; and     -   (f) R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or         unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or         unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted         or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted         cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by —S(O)N(R_(A))—,         —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or         —NR_(A)C(O)—, and/or terminated by —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B),         —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B),         —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B), wherein each R_(A) and         R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl,         C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl,         heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl,         alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl.

(2) The compound as in the above (1) which is a Compound of Formula (1):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Y is CH₂ or S.

(3) The compound as in the above (1) which is a Compound of Formula (2):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

one of Xa and Xb is O and the other is CH₂; and

Y is CH₂ or S.

(4) The compound as in the above (1) which is a Compound of Formula (3):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

one of Xa and Xb is C(═O) and the other is CH₂; and

Y is CH₂ or S.

(5) The compound as in the above (1) which is a Compound of Formula (4):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

Xa-Xc-Xb is CH₂—CH₂—CH₂, CH═CH—CH₂, or CH₂—CH═CH; and

Y is CH₂ or S.

(6) The compound as the above (1) which is a Compound of Formula (5):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein at least one of Xa and Xb is CHF or CF₂ and the other is CHF, CF₃, or CH₂.

(7) The compound as in the above (1) which is Compound of Formula (6);

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

(8) The compound as in the above (1), wherein Z₁ is CH or Z₂ is CH or Z₃ is CH.

(9) The compound as in the above (1), wherein Z₁ and Z₂ are each CH or Z₁ and Z₃ are each CH or Z₂ and Z₃ are each CH.

(10) The compound as in the above (1), wherein Z₁, Z₂, and Z₃ are each CH.

(11) The compound as in the above (1) to (10), wherein R is interrupted by one or more —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)— groups.

(12) The compound as in the above (1) to (11), wherein R is terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group.

(13) The compound as in one of the above (1) to (12), wherein R is 2-ethanesulfonic acid isopropylamide, 2-ethanesulfonic acid ethylamide, 2-ethanesulfonic acid methylamide, 2-ethanesulfonic acid amide, 2-ethanesulfonic acid t-butylamide, 2-ethanesulfonic acid isobutylamide, 2-ethanesulfonic acid cyclopropylamide, isopropanesulfonic acid 2-ethylamide, ethanesulfonic acid 2-ethylamide, N-2 ethyl methanesulfonamide, 2-methyl-propane-2-sulfonic acid 2-ethylamide, 2-methyl-propane-2-sulfnic acid 2-ethylamide, 2-methyl-propane-1-sulfonic acid 2-ethylamide, cyclopropanesufonic acid 2-ethylamide, 3-propane-1-sulfonic acid isopropylamide, 3-propane-1-sulfonic acid ethylamide, 3-propane-sulfonic acid methylamide, 3-propane-1-sulfonic acid amide, 3-propane-1-sulfonic acid t-butylamide, 3-propane-1-sulfonic acid isobutylamide, 3-propane-1-sulfonic acid cyclopropylamide, propane-2-sulfonic acid 3-propylamide, ethanesulfonic acid 3-propylamide, N-3-propyl methanesulfonamide, 2-methyl-propane-2-sulfonic acid 3-propylamide, 2-methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid 3-propylamide, 2-methyl-propane-1-sulfonic acid 3-propylamide, cyclopropanesulfonic acid 3-propylamide, 3-N-isopropyl propionamide, 3-N-ethyl propionamide, 3-N-methyl propionamide, 3-propionamide, 3-N-t-butyl propionamide, 3-N-isobutyl propionamide, 3-N-cyclopropyl propionamide, N-2-ethyl isobutyramide, N-2-ethyl propionamide, N-2-ethyl acetamide, N-2-ethyl formamide, N-2-ethyl 2,2-dimethyl-propionamide, N-2-ethyl 3-methylbutyramide, or cyclopropane carboxylic acid 2-ethyl-amide.

(14) The compound as in one of the above (1) to (12), wherein R is cyclopropane carboxylic acid 3-propyl-amide, N-3-propyl 2,2-dimethyl-propionamide, N-propyl-2-methyl-propane-2-sulfinamide, t-butanesulfonic acid 3-propylamide, or cyclopropanesulfonic acid 3-propylamide.

(15) The compound as in one of the above (1) to (14), wherein X₄ is H or F.

(16) The compound as in one of the above (1) to (15), wherein Y is S.

(17) The compound as in one of the above (1) to (15), wherein Y is CH₂.

(18) The compound as in one of the above (1) to (17), wherein X₂ is optionally substituted heteroaryl.

(19) The compound as in one of the above (1) to (18), wherein X₂ is furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, oxazol-2-yl, or 5-methyloxazol-2-yl.

(20) The compound as in one of the above (1) to (17), wherein X₂ is alkynyl.

(21) The compound as in one of the above (1) to (17) or (20), wherein X₂ is ethynyl.

(22) The compound as in one of the above (1) to (17), wherein X is halo.

(23) The compound as in one of the above (1) to (17) or (22), wherein X₂ is I.

(24) The compound as in one of the above (1) to (17), wherein X₂ is amino.

(25) The compound as in one of the above (1) to (17) or (24), wherein X₂ is dimethylamino.

(26) The compound as in one of the above (1) to (11) or (13) to (25), wherein Z₁ is N or Z₂ is N or Z₃ is N.

(27) The compound as in one of the above (1) to (10) or (13) to (25), wherein Z₁ and Z₂ are each N or Z₁ and Z₃ are each N or Z₂ and Z₃ are each N.

(28) A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound as in one of the above (1) to (27) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

(29) A method for treating or preventing cancer or a neurodegenerative disorder, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as in one of the above (1) to (27).

(30) Use of a compound as in one of the above (1) to (27) in formulating a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment or prevention of cancer or a neurodegenerative disorder.

(31) A method for the inhibition of Hsp90, comprising contacting Hsp90 with an Hsp90 function inhibiting amount of a compound as in one of the above (1) to (27).

(32) Use of a compound as in one of the above (1) to (27) in formulating a pharmaceutical composition for the inhibition of Hsp90.

(34) A Compound of Formula (IA) or (IB):

or a salt thereof, wherein:

-   -   (a) each of Z₁, Z₂ and Z₃ is independently CH or N;     -   (b) Y is CH₂, O, or S;     -   (c) Xa, Xb, Xc and Xd are independently selected from CH, CH₂,         O, N, NH, S, carbonyl, fluoromethylene, and difluoromethylene         selected so as to satisfy valence, wherein each bond to an X         group is either a single bond or a double bond;     -   (d) X₂ is a leaving group for introduction of a a radiolabeled         atom to the structure;     -   (e) X₄ is hydrogen or halogen; and     -   (f) R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or         unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or         unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted         or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted         cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more         —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—,         —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)— groups, and/or terminated by an         —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B),         —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group,         wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from         hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl,         heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl,         arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and         alkylheteroarylalkyl.

(35) A compound as in (34) above, or a salt thereof, wherein X₂ is trialkyl tin or —Sn(CH₂CH₂(CF₂)₅CF₃)₃.

(36) Use of a compound as in (34) or (35) above, or a salt thereof, as a precursor for the formation of a radiolabeled compound.

A. Compounds of Formulae (IA) and (IB)

As stated above, the disclosure encompasses Compounds of Formulae (IA) and (IB);

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

-   -   (a) each of Z₁, Z₂ and Z₃ is independently CH or N;     -   (b) Y is CH₂, O, or S;     -   (c) Xa, Xb, Xc and Xd are independently selected from CH, CH₂,         O, N, NH, S, carbonyl, fluoromethylene, and difluoromethylene         selected so as to satisfy valence, wherein each bond to an X         group is either a single bond or a double bond;     -   (d) X₂ is halogen, aryl, alkynyl, or amino;     -   (e) X₄ is hydrogen or halogen; and     -   (f) R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or         unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or         unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted         or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted         cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by —S(O)N(R_(A))—,         —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, and         —NR_(A)C(O)—, and/or terminated by —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B),         —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B)—, —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B),         —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B), wherein each R_(A) and         R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl,         C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl,         heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl,         alkylheteroaryl, heteroaryalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl.

In certain embodiments, there may be 1, 2 or 3 interrupting and/or terminating groups, which may be the same or different. In general, the R groups of these compounds can be described as sulfonamido groups, sulfinamido groups, or amido groups.

In certain embodiments, specific R groups include without limitation: 2-ethanesulfonic acid isopropylamide, 2-ethanesulfonic acid ethylamide, 2-ethanesulfonic acid methylamide, 2-ethanesulfonic acid amide, 2-ethanesulfonic acid t-butylamide, 2-ethanesulfonic acid isobutylamide, 2-ethanesulfonic acid cyclopropylamide, isopropanesulfonic acid 2-ethylamide, ethanesulfonic acid 2-ethylamide, N-2 ethyl methanesulfonamide, 2-methyl-propane-2-sulfonic acid 2-ethylamide, 2-methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid 2-ethylamide, 2-methyl-propane-1-sulfonic acid 2-ethylamide, cyclopropanesufonic acid 2-ethylamide, 3-propane-1-sulfonic acid isopropylamide, 3-propane-1-sulfonic acid ethylamide, 3-propane-1-sulfonic acid methylamide, 3-propane-1-sulfonic acid amide, 3-propane-1-sulfonic acid t-butylamide, 3-propane-1-sulfonic acid isobutylamide, 3-propane-1-sulfonic acid cyclopropylamide, propane-2-sulfonic acid 3-propylamide, ethanesulfonic acid 3-propylamide, N-3-propyl methanesulfonamide, 2-methyl-propane-2-sulfonic acid 3-propylamide, 2-methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid 3-propylamide, 2-methyl-propane-1-sulfonic acid 3-propylamide, cyclopropanesulfonic acid 3-propylamide, 3-N-isopropyl propionamide, 3-N-ethyl propionamide, 3-N-methyl propionamide, 3-propionamide, 3-N-t-butyl propionamide, 3-N-isobutyl propionamide, 3-N-cyclopropyl propionamide, N-2-ethyl isobutyramide, N-2-ethyl propionamide, N-2-ethyl acetamide, N-2-ethyl formamide, N-2-ethyl 2,2-dimethyl-propionamido, N-2-ethyl 3-methylbutyramide, and cyclopropane carboxylic acid 2-ethyl-amide.

In certain embodiments, specific R groups include without limitation: cyclopropane carboxylic acid 3-propyl-amide, N-3-propyl 2,2-dimethyl-propionamide, N-propyl-2-methyl-propane-2-sulfinamide, t-butanesulfonic acid 3-propylamide, and cyclopropanesulfonic acid 3-propylamide.

In another embodiment, Z₁ is CH. In another embodiment, Z₂ is CH. In another embodiment, Z₃ is CH. In another embodiment, Z₁ is N. In another embodiment, Z₂ is N. In another embodiment, Z₃ is N.

In another embodiment, Z₁ and Z₂ are each CH. In another embodiment, Z₁ and Z₃ are each CH. In another embodiment, Z₂ and Z₃ are each CH. In another embodiment, Z₁ and Z₂ are each N. In another embodiment, Z₁ and Z₃ are each N. In another embodiment, Z₂ and Z₃ are each N.

In another embodiment, Z₁ and Z₂ are each CH and Z₃ is N. In another embodiment, Z₁ and Z₃ are each CH and Z₂ is N. In another embodiment, Z₂ and Z₃ are each CH and Z₁ is N. In another embodiment, Z₁ and Z₂ are each N and Z₃ is CH. In another embodiment, Z₁ and Z₃ are each N and Z₂ is CH. In another embodiment, Z₂ and Z₃ are each N and Z₁ is CH. In another embodiment, Z₁, Z₂, and Z₃ are each CH. In another embodiment, Z₁, Z₂ and Z₃ are each N.

In the structures set forth in Formulae (1) through (6) below, embodiments are provided in which Z₁, Z₂, and Z₃ are each N. These embodiments are intended as exemplary, and are not intended to exclude the above embodiments in which one, two, or three of Z₁, Z₂, and Z₃ is CH with the same substituents or other substituent combinations within the scope of Formulae (IA) and (IB) as set forth above. In particular, embodiments in which Z₂ or Z₃ are each CH are considered to be within the scope of this disclosure.

B. Definitions

As used in connection with the present disclosure, the terms used herein have the following meaning:

The terms “alkyl” and “substituted alkyl” are interchangeable unless otherwise specifically noted and refer to substituted and unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ straight-chain saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups, i.e., groups having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 carbon atoms, and substituted and unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups, i.e., groups having 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 carbon atoms. For example, “alkyl” includes but is not limited to: methyl (Me), ethyl (Et), propyl (Pr), isopropyl, butyl (Bu), tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, and the like. In one embodiment, an alkyl is a C₁-C₆ alkyl, i.e., a group having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms. An alkyl can be substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents or optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents. Illustrative examples of substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl groups include —CH₂OH, —CF₂OH, —CH₂C(CH₃)₂C(O)OCH₃, —CF₃, —C(O)CF₃, —C(O)CH₃, —(CH₂)₄SCH₃, —CH(C(O)OH)CH₂CH₂C(O)N(CH₃)₂, —(CH₂)₅NHC(O)NH₂, —CH₂CH₂—(4-fluorophenyl), —CH(OCH₃)CH₂CH₃, —CH₂SO₂NH₂, and —CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₂OC(O)CH₃.

The terms “alkenyl” and “substituted alkenyl” are interchangeable unless otherwise specifically noted and refer to substituted and unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having 1, 2, or 3 carbon-carbon double bonds, i.e., groups having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 carbon atoms, and substituted and unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ branched aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having 1, 2, or 3 carbon-carbon double bonds, i.e., groups having 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 carbon atoms. For example, “alkenyl” includes but is not limited to: ethenyl, 1-prop-1-enyl, 1-prop-2-enyl, 2-prop-1-enyl, 1-but-3-enyl, 2-pent-2-enyl, 1-hex-6-enyl, 1-hept-7-enyl, 1-oct-8-enyl, and the like. In one embodiment, an alkenyl is a C₂-C₆ alkenyl, i.e., a group having 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms and 1 or 2 carbon-carbon double bonds. An alkenyl can be substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents or optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents. Illustrative examples of substituted C₂-C₆ alkonyl groups include —C(H)═CHCH₂OH, —C(H)═CF₂, —CH₂C(H)═CH(CH₂)₂CF₂OH, —CH₂C(═CH₂)C(O)OCH₃, —C(H)—CHCF₃, —CH₂CH₂C(H)═CHC(O)CH₃, —C(H)═C(CH₃)SCH₃, —C(H)═CHC(H)═C(CH₃)C(O)OCH₃, and —C(H)═C═CHOC(O)CH₃.

The terms “alkynyl” and “substituted alkynyl” are interchangeable unless otherwise specifically noted and refer to substituted and unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having 1, 2, or 3 carbon-carbon triple bonds, i.e., groups having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 carbon atoms, and substituted and unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ branched aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having 1, 2, or 3 carbon-carbon triple bonds, i.e., groups having 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 carbon atoms. For example, “alkynyl” includes but is not limited to: ethynyl, 1-prop-1-ynyl, 1-prop-2-ynyl, 2-prop-1-ynyl, 3-prop-1-ynyl, 1-but-3-ynyl, 2-pent-2-ynyl, 1-hex-6-ynyl, 1-hept-7-ynyl, 1-oct-8ynyl, and the like. In one embodiment, an alkynyl is a C₂-C₆ alkynyl, i.e., a group having 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms and 1 or 2 carbon-carbon triple bonds. An alkynyl can be substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents or optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents. Illustrative examples of substituted C₂-C₆ alkynyl groups include —C≡CCH₂OH, —C≡CF, —CH₂C≡C(CH₂)₂CF₂OH, —C≡CCH₂C(O)OCH₃, —CH₂C≡CCF₃, —CH₂CH₂C≡CC(O)CH₃, —C≡CSCH₃, and —C≡CC(O)OC(O)CH₃.

The terms “cycloalkyl” and “substituted cycloalkyl” are interchangeable unless otherwise specifically noted and refer to a mono- or multi-ringed carbocycle wherein each ring contains 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 carbon atoms, and wherein any ring can contain 1, 2, or 3 carbon-carbon double or triple bonds. For example, “cycloalkyl” includes but is not limited to: cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, and cycloheptyl. A cycloalkyl can be substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents or optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents.

The term “amino” refers to the group —NR₁R₂, wherein R₁ and R₂ are each independently H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, or alkylheteroarylalkyl. Optionally the amino group can be protonated to provide a compound in salt form. A protonated amino group, being positively charged, is usually associated with an anion known to those in the art, such as OH⁻, Cl⁻, Br⁻, CH₃C(O)O⁻, H₂PO₄ ⁻, or HSO₄ ⁻.

The terms “aryl” and “substituted aryl” are interchangeable unless otherwise specifically noted and refer to a monocyclic, polycyclic, biaryl aromatic groups covalently attached at any ring position capable of forming a stable covalent bond, certain preferred points of attachment being apparent to those in the art (e.g., 3-phenyl, 4-naphthyl, and the like). An aryl can be substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents or optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents. The definition of “aryl” includes but is not limited to heteroaryl. Illustrative examples of aryl groups include phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, dihydronaphthyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, indenyl, indanyl, azulenyl, anthryl, phenanthryl, fluorenyl, pyrenyl, anthracenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyridizinyl, thiadiazolyl, and the like.

The term “heteroalkyl” refers to an alkyl group where one or more of the carbon atoms or hydrogen atoms present is replaced, independently, with a nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, or halogen heteroatom. If the heteroatom does not have the same number of valenco sites as the carbon atom it replaces, the number of hydrogens bonded to the replacement heteroatom may need to be increased or decreased to match the number of valence sites of the heteroatom. For example, if a carbon atom (with a valence of four) is replaced by a nitrogen atom (valence of three), one of the hydrogen atoms formerly attached to the replaced carbon is deleted. Likewise, if a carbon atom is replaced by a halogen atom (valence of one), three of the hydrogen atoms formerly attached to the replaced carbon is deleted. The term “heteroalkyl” also refers to (1) an alkyl group where at least one of the hydrogen atoms attached to a carbon or (2) to a heteroalkyl group where at least one of the hydrogen atoms attached to a heteroatom of the heteroalkyl can be substituted with at least one of the following: alkyl, aryl, and heteroalkyl.

The terms “heteroaryl” and “substituted heteroaryl” are interchangeable unless otherwise specifically noted and the terms “heterocyclo” and “substituted heterocyclo” are interchangeable unless otherwise specifically noted and these terms refer to a monovalent unsaturated group having a single ring or multiple condensed rings, from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and from 1 to 4 heteroatoms within the ring, each heteroatom being independently selected from nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen. In either heteroaryl or heterocyclo, the point of attachment to the molecule can be at a heteroatom or elsewhere within the ring. A heteroaryl or heterocyclo can be substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents or optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents.

Illustrative examples of heteroaryl groups include thienyl, benzothienyl, isobenzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl, furyl, pyranyl, benzofuranyl, isobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, pyrrolyl, pyrrol-3-yl, pyrrol-1-yl, indolyl, isoindolyl, 3H-indolyl, indolinyl, indolizinyl, indazolyl, imidazolyl, imidazol-4-yl, 2H-imidazolinyl, benzimidazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyradazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrimidin-2-yl, triazinyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, 4H-quinolizinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, 1,8-naphthyridinyl, pteridinyl, carbazolyl, acridinyl, phenazinyl, phenothiazinyl, phenoxazinyl, chromanyl, benzodioxolyl, piperonyl, purinyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazol-3-yl, triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl, tetrazolyl, tetrazol-1-yl, thiazolyl, thiazol-4-yl, isothiazolyl, benzthiazolyl, oxazolyl, oxazol-2-yl, isoxazolyl, isoxazol-3-yl, benzoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl, thiadiazolyl, pyridazin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, thiophen-2-yl, furan-2-yl, pyridin-2-yl, pyridin-4-yl, pyrimidin-2-yl, and the like.

When any group is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents or optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents, each substituent is independently selected from the group comprising halo, —OH, —SH, —CN, —NO₂—NH₂, trihalomethyl, pentahaloethyl, C₁-C₁₀alkyl, arylC₆-C₁₀alkyl, C₀-C₁₀alkyloxyC₀-C₁₀alkyl, arylC₀-C₁₀alkyloxyC₀-C₁₀alkyl, C₀-C₁₀alkylthioC₀-C₁₀alkyl, arylC₀-C₁₀alkylthioC₀-C₁₀alkyl, C₀-C₁₀alkylaminoC₀-C₁₀alkyl, arylC₀-C₁₀alkylaminoC₀-C₁₀alkyl, N-aryl-N—C₀-C₁₀alkylaminoC₀-C₁₀akyl, C₁-C₁₀alkylcarbonylC₀-C₁₀alkyl, arylC₁-C₁₀alkylcarbonylC₀-C₁₀alkyl, C₁-C₁₀alkylcarboxyC₀-C₁₀alkyl, arylC₁-C₁₀alkylcarboxyC₀-C₁₀alkyl, C₁-C₁₀alkylcarbonylaminoC₀-C₁₀alkyl, arylC₁-C₁₀alklylcarboaylaminoC₀-C₁₀alkyl, —C₆-C₁₀alkylC(O)OR_(X), and —C₀-C₁₀alkylC(O)NR_(Y)R_(Z) wherein R_(X), R_(Y) and R_(Z) are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, and aryl or R_(Y) and R_(Z) are taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached to form a saturated cyclic or unsaturated cyclic system having 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 carbon atoms with at least one substituent as defined above. A “C₀alkyl,” as in C₀-C₁₀alkyl, is a covalent bond.

The term “C₀-C₁₀alkyloxy” refers to an alkyl group having the indicated number of carbon atoms and attached to the molecule through an oxygen atom. In one embodiment, a C₀-C₁₀alkyloxy is a C₁-C₆alkyloxy, i.e., a group having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms. Illustrative examples of alkyloxy groups include methoxy, ethoxy, n-propyloxy, and isopropyloxy. Thus, the team “C₀-C₁₀alkyloxyC₀-C₁₀alkyl” refers to a C₀-C₁₀alkyloxy attached through an oxygen atom to a C₀-C₁₀alkyl which is attached to the molecule. Likewise, the term “arylC₀-C₁₀alkyloxyC₀-C₁₀alkyl” refers to a C₀-C₁₀alkyloxy, which is substituted by aryl, attached through an oxygen atom to a C₀-C₁₀alkyl which is attached to the molecule. A “C₀alkyloxy” is —SH.

The term “C₀-C₁₀alkylthio” refers to an alkyl group having the indicated number of carbon atoms and attached to the molecule through a sulfur atom. In one embodiment, a C₀-C₁₀alkylthio is a C₁-C₆alkylthio, i.e., a group having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms. Illustrative examples of alkyloxy groups include methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, and isopropylthio. Thus, the term “C₀-C₁₀alkylthioC₀-C₁₀alkyl” refers to a C₀-C₁₀alkylthio attached through a sulfur atom to a C₀-C₁₀alkyl which is attached to the molecule. Likewise, the term “arylC₀-C₁₀alkylthioC₀-C₁₀alkyl” refers to a C₀-C₁₀alkylthio, which is substituted by aryl, attached through a sulfur atom to a C₀-C₁₀alkyl which is attached to the molecule. A “C₀alkylthio” is —SH.

The term “C₁-C₁₀alkylcarbonyl” refers to an alkyl group having the indicated number of carbon atoms and attached to the molecule through the carbon atom of a carbonyl group. In one embodiment, a C₁-C₁₀alkylcarbonyl is a C₁-C₆alkylcarbonyl, i.e., a group having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms, including the carbonyl carbon atom. Thus, the term “C₁-C₁₀alkylcarbonylC₀-C₁₀alkyl” refers to a C₁-C₁₀alkylcarbonyl attached through the carbon atom of a carbonyl group to a C₀-C₁₀alkyl which is attached to the molecule. Likewise, the term “arylC₁-C₁₀alkylcarbonylC₀-C₁₀alkyl” refers to a C₁-C₁₀alkylcarbonyl, which is substituted by aryl, attached through the carbon atom of a carbonyl group to a C₀-C₁₀alkyl which is attached to the molecule.

The term “C₁-C₁₀alkylcarboxy” refers to an alkyl group having the indicated number of carbon atoms, including the carboxy's carbon atom, and attached to the molecule through the carboxy group, wherein the carboxy group has either a —C(═O)—O— or a —O—C(═O)— orientation. In one embodiment, a C₁-C₁₀alkylcarboxy is a C₁-C₆alkylcarboxy, i.e., a group having 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms, including the carboxy's carbon atom. Thus, the term “C₁-C₁₀alkylcarboxyC₀-C₁₀alkyl” refers to a C₁-C₁₀alkylcarboxy attached through the carboxy group to a C₀-C₁₀alkyl which is attached to the molecule. Likewise, the tram “arylC₁-C₁₀alkylcarboxy C₀-C₁₀alkyl” refers to a C₁-C₁₀alkylcarboxy, which is substituted by aryl, attached through the carboxy group to a C₀-C₁₀alkyl which is attached to the molecule.

The term “C₀-C₁₀alkylamino” refers to an alkyl group having the indicated number of carbon atoms and attached to the molecule through the nitrogen atom of the amino group —N(R_(W))—, wherein R_(W) is H, C₁-C₆alkyl, or aryl. A “C₀alkylamino” is —NHR_(W). In one embodiment, a C₀-C₁₀alkylamino is a C₁-C₆alkylamino, i.e., a group having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms in the R_(W) group. This, the term “C₀-C₁₀alkylaminoC₀-C₁₀alkyl” refers to a C₀-C₁₀alkylamino attached through the nitrogen atom of an amino group to a C₀-C₁₀alkyl which is attached to the molecule. Likewise, the term “arylC₀-C₁₀alkylaminoC₀-C₁₀alkyl” refers to a C₀-C₁₀alkylamino, which is substituted by aryl, attached through the nitrogen atom of an amino group to a C₀-C₁₀akyl which is attached to the molecule. The term “N-aryl-N—C₀-C₁₀akylamino C₀-C₁₀alkyl” refers to an amine nitrogen atom substituted by aryl and C₀-C₁₀alkyl, that nitrogen atom being further attached to a C₀-C₁₀alkyl which is attached to the molecule.

The term “C₁-C₁₀alkylcarbonylamino” refers to an alkyl group having the indicated number of carbon atoms, including the carbonylamino's (i.e., amide's) carbon atom, and attached to the molecule through the amide, group, wherein the amide group has either a —C(═O)N(R_(V))— or a —N(R_(V))C(═O)— orientation and wherein R_(V) is H or C₁-C₆alkyl. In one embodiment, a C₁-C₁₀alkylcarbonylamino is a C₁-C₆alkylcarbonylamino, i.e., a group having 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms, including the amide's carbon atom, in the alkyl group and 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms in the R_(V) group. Thus, the term “C₁-C₁₀alkylcarbonylaminoC₀-C₁₀alkyl” refers to a C₁-C₁₀alkylcarbonylamino attached through the amide group to a C₀-C₁₀alkyl which is attached to the molecule. Likewise, the term “arylC₁-C₁₀alkylcarbonylamino C₀-C₁₀alkyl” refers to a C₀-C₁₀alkylcarbonylamino, which is substituted by aryl, attached through the amide group to a C₀-C₁₀alky which is attached to the molecule.

The term “alkylaryl” refers to an aryl group as defined above that is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 alkyl groups as defined above; a tolyl group is an exemplary alkylaryl. In one embodiment, an alkylaryl group is a “lower alkylaryl” group having 1, 2, or 3 alkyl groups attached to an aryl group, each alkyl group having, independently, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms.

The term “arylalkyl” refers to an alkyl group as defined above that is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 aryl groups as defined above; a benzyl group is an exemplary arylalkyl. In one embodiment, an arylalkyl group is a “lower arylalkyl” group having 1, 2, or 3 aryl groups attached to an alkyl group having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms.

The term “heterocycloalkyl” refers to an alkyl group as defined above that is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 heterocyclo groups as defined above. In one embodiment, a heterocycloalkyl group is a “lower heterocycloalkyl” group having 1, 2, or 3 heterocyclo groups attached to an alkyl group having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms.

The term “alkylheteroaryl” refers to a heteroaryl group as defined above that is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 alkyl groups as defined above. In one embodiment, a alkylheteroaryl group is a “lower alkylheteroaryl” group having 1, 2, or 3 alkyl groups attached to a heteroaryl group, each alkyl group having, independently, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms.

The term “heteroarylalkyl” refers to an alkyl group as defined above that is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 heteroaryl groups as defined above. In one embodiment, a heteroarylalkyl group is a “lower heteroarylalkyl” group having 1, 2, or 3 heteroaryl groups attached to an alkyl group having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms.

The term “alkylheteroarylalkyl” refers to a heteroarylalkyl group as defined above that is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 alkyl groups as defined above. In one embodiment, an alkylheteroarylalkyl group is a “lower alkylheteroarylalkyl” group with each alkyl portion having, independently, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms.

The terms “halogen” and “halo” refer to fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.

An R grow disclosed to be “interrupted by —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, and —NR_(A)C(O)—, and/or terminated by —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B)”, means said R group is (1) interrupted by one or more (for example 1, 2, or 3) —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)— groups, (2) terminated by —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) groups, or (3) interrupted by one or more (for example 1, 2, or 3) —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)— groups and terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)N_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group. In one embodiment, there are two interruptions and no terminations of an alkyl R group as described above. In another embodiment, there is one interruption and no terminations of an alkyl R group as described above. In another embodiment, there is no interruption and a termination of an alkyl R group as described above. In another embodiment, there is one interruption and a termination of an alkyl R group as described above.

Should there be doubt as to the agreement of a depicted chemical structure and a chemical name, the depicted chemical structure governs.

The term “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” refers to those salts which retain the biological effectiveness and properties of the “free” compounds of Formulae (IA) and (IB). A pharmaceutically acceptable salt can be obtained from the reaction of the free base of a Compound of Formulae (IA) or (IB) with an inorganic acid, for example, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like, or an organic acid, for example, sulfonic acid, carboxylic acid, organic phosphoric acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid (e.g., (+)-tartaric acid or (−)-tartaric acid or mixtures thereof), and the like. Certain compounds of Formulae (IA) and (IB) have acidic substituents and can exist as pharmaceutically acceptable salts with pharmaceutically acceptable bases. The present disclosure includes such salts. Examples of such salts include metal counterion salts, such as sodium, potassium, lithium, magnesium, calcium, iron, copper, zinc, tin, silver, or aluminum salts, and organic amine salts, such as methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, n-propylamine, 2-propylamine, or dimethylisopropylamine salts, and the like. The term “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” includes mono-salts and compounds in which a plurality of salts is present, e.g., di-salts and/or tri-salts. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts can be prepared by methods known to those in the art.

Certain compounds of Formulae (IA) and (IB) and/or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts can exist in more than one crystal form and the present disclosure encompasses each crystal form and mixtures thereof. These crystal forms can be prepared by methods known to those in the at.

The term “solvate” refers to a complex or aggregate formed by one or more molecules of a solute, e.g., a Compound of Formulae (IA) or (IB) or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, and one or more molecules of a solvent, which is present in stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric amount. Suitable solvents include but are not limited to water, acetic acid, ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, and n-propanol. Where the solvent is water, the solvate is a hydrate. Exemplary hydrates include but are not limited to a hemihydrate, a monohydrate, a dihydrate, a trihydrate, and a tetrahydrate. In one embodiment, the solvent is pharmaceutically acceptable. In another embodiment, the complex or aggregate is in a crystalline form. In another embodiment, the complex or aggregate is in a noncrystalline form. The present disclosure encompasses each solvate and mixtures thereof. These solvates can be prepared by methods known to those in the art.

Certain compounds of Formulae (IA) and (IB) may exist in different tautomeric forms or as different geometric isomers, and the present disclosure includes each tautomer and/or geometric isomer of compounds of Formulae (IA) and (IB) and mixtures thereof.

Certain compounds of Formulae (IA) and (IB) may contain one or more chiral centers and exist in different optically active forms, and the present disclosure includes each optically active form of compounds of Formulae (IA) and (IB) and mixtures thereof. When compounds of Formulae (IA) and (IB) contain one chiral center, the compounds exist in two or anomeric forms and the present disclosure includes both enantiomers and mixtures of enantiomers, such as racemic mixtures. The enantiomers may be resolved by methods known to the art, for example, by formation of diastereoisomeric salts which may be separated, e.g., by crystallization or liquid chromatography. Alternatively, specific enantiomers may be synthesized by asymmetric synthesis using optically active reagents, substrates, catalysts or solvents, or by converting one enantiomer into the other by asymmetric transformation. When a Compound of Formulae (IA) or (IB) contains more than one chiral center, it may exist in diastereoisomeric forms. The diastereoisomeric compounds may be separated by methods known to the art, for example, by chromatography or crystallization, and the individual enantiomers may be separated as described above. The present disclosure includes each diastereoisomer of compounds of Formulae (IA) and (IB) and mixtures thereof.

The term “isotopically enriched” refers to a Compound of Formulae (IA) or (IB) that contains an unnatural proportion of an isotope at one or more of the atoms constituting the compound, and the present disclosure includes each isotopically enriched form of compounds of Formulae (IA) and (IB) and mixtures thereof. In certain embodiments, an isotopically enriched compound contains unnatural proportions of one or more isotopes, including but not limited to hydrogen (¹H), deuterium (²H), tritium (³H), carbon-11 (¹¹C), carbon-12 (¹²C), carbon-13 (¹³C), carbon-14 (¹⁴C), nitrogen-13 (¹³N), nitrogen-14 (¹⁴N), nitrogen-15 (¹⁵N), oxygen-14 (¹⁴O), oxygen-15 (¹⁵O), oxygen-16 (¹⁶O), oxygen-17 (¹⁷O), oxygen-18 (¹⁸O), fluorine-17 (¹⁷F), fluorine-18 (¹⁸F), sulfur-32 (³²S), sulfur-33 (³³S), sulfur-34 (³⁴S), sulfur-35 (³⁵S), sulfur-36 (³⁶S), chlorine-35 (³⁵Cl), chlorin-36 (³⁶Cl), chlorine-37 (³⁷Cl), bromine-79 (⁷⁹Br), bromine-81 (⁸¹Br), iodine-123 (¹²³I), iodine-125 (¹²⁵I), iodine-127 (¹²⁷I), iodine-129 (¹²⁹9I), and iodine-131 (¹³¹I), In another embodiment, an isotopically enriched compound contains unnatural proportions of one or more isotopes, including but not limited to ¹H, ²H, ¹²C, ¹³C, ¹⁴N, ¹⁵N, ¹⁶O, ¹⁷O, ¹⁸O, ¹⁷F, ³²S, ³³S, ³⁴S, ³⁶S, ³⁵Cl, ³⁷Cl, ⁷⁹Br, ⁸¹Br, and ¹²⁷I. In another embodiment, an isotopically enriched compound is radioactive. In another embodiment, an isotopically enriched compound contains unnatural proportions of one or more isotopes, including but not limited to ³H, ¹¹C, ⁴C, ¹³N, ¹⁴O, ¹⁵O, ¹⁸F, ³⁵S, ³⁶Cl, ¹²³I, ¹²⁵I, ¹²⁹I, and ¹³¹I. In another embodiment, an isotopically enriched compound contains unnatural proportions of ¹²³I, ¹²⁴I, and/or ¹³¹I and another isotope selected from ³H, ¹¹C, ⁴C, ¹³N, ¹⁴O, ¹⁵O, ¹⁸F, ³⁵S, and ³⁶Cl. In another embodiment, an isotopically enriched compound contains an unnatural proportion of ¹²³I, ¹²⁴I, and/or ¹³¹I. In another embodiment, an isotopically enriched compound contains an unnatural proportion of ¹²³I. In another embodiment, an isotopically enriched compound contains an unnatural proportion of ¹²⁴I. In another embodiment, an isotopically enriched compound contains an unnatural proportion of ¹³¹I.

The term “isotopically enriched” refers to the percentage of incorporation of a less prevalent isotope (e.g., deuterium for hydrogen) of an element at a given location in a molecule in place of a more prevalent isotope (e.g., ¹H for hydrogen) of that element. When an atom at a particular location in a molecule is designated as a particular less prevalent isotope, it is understood that the abundance of that isotope at that location is substantially greater than its natural abundance.

The term “therapeutically effective amount” refers to an amount of a Compound of Formulae (IA) or (IB) or a combination of two or more such compounds that inhibits, totally or partially, the progression of the treated condition or alleviates, at least partially, one or more symptoms of the condition. A therapeutically effective amount can also be an amount which is prophylactically effective. The amount which is therapeutically effective depends on the patient's gender and size, the condition to be treated, the condition's severity, and the result sought. For a given patient, a therapeutically effective amount can be determined by methods known to those in the art.

The term “patient” refers to an animal, including but not limited to a mammal, a primate (e.g., a human), cow, pig, sheep, goat, horse, dog, cat, rabbit, rat, or mouse.

The term “cancer” or “neoplastic disorder” refers to a tumor resulting from abnormal or uncontrolled cellular growth. Examples of cancers include but are not limited to breast cancers, colon cancers, colorectal cancers, prostate cancers, ovarian cancers, pancreatic cancers, lung cancers, gastric cancers, esophageal cancers, glioma cancers, and hematologic malignancies. Examples of neoplastic disorders include but are not limited to hematopoietic disorders, such as the myeloproliferative disorders, essential thrombocytosis, thrombocythemia, angiogenic myeloid metaplasia, polycythemia vera, myelofibrosis, myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia, chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis, the cytopenias, and pro-malignant myelodysplastic syndromes.

The term “hematologic malignancy” refers to cancer of the bone marrow and lymphatic tissue—body's blood-forming and immune system. Examples of hematological malignancies include but are not limited to myelodysplasia, lymphomas, leukemias, lymphomas (non-Hodgkin's lymphoma), Hodgkin's disease (also known as Hodgkin's lymphoma), and myeloma, such as acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), adult T-cell ALL, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), AML with trilineage myelodysplasia, acute promyelocytic leukemia, acute undifferentiated leukemia, anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, chronic neutrophilic leukemia, juvenile myelomonocyctic leukemia, mixed lineage leukemia, myeloproliferative disorders, myelodysplastic syndromes, multiple myeloma, and prolymphocytic leukemia.

The term “leukemia” refers to malignant neoplasms of the blood-forming tissues including but not limited to acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, acute myeloblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and chronic myelocytic leukemia. The leukemia can be relapsed, refractory, or resistant to conventional therapy.

The term “neurodegenarative disorder” refers to a disorder in which progressive loss of neurons occurs either in the peripheral nervous system or in the central nervous system. Examples of neurodegenerative disorders include but are not limited to chronic neurodegenerative diseases such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy, Alzheimer's disease, Pick's disease, diffuse Lewy body disease, progressive supranuclear palsy (Steel-Richardson syndrome), multisystem degeneration (Shy-Drager syndrome), motor neuron diseases including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (“ALS”), degenerative ataxias, cortical basal degeneration, ALS-Parkinson's-Dementia complex of Guam, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, synucleinopathies, primary progressive aphasia, striatonigral degeneration, Machado-Joseph disease-spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 and olivopontocerebellar degenerations, Gilles De La Tourette's disease, bulbar and pseudobulbar palsy, spinal and spinobulbar muscular atrophy (Kennedy's disease), primary lateral sclerosis, familial spastic paraplegia, Wernicke-Korsakoff's related dementia (alcohol induced dementia), Werdnig-Hoffman disease, Kugelberg-Welander disease, Tay-Sach's disease, Sandhoff disease, familial spastic disease, Wohifart-Kugelberg-Welander disease, spastic paraparesis, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, and prion diseases (including Creutzfeldt-Jakob, Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease, Kuru and fatal familial insomnia). Other conditions also included within the methods of the present disclosure include age-related dementia and other dementias, and conditions with memory loss including vascular dementia, diffuse white matter disease (Binswanger's disease), dementia of endocrine or metabolic origin, dementia of head trauma and diffuse brain damage, dementia pugilistica, and frontal lobe dementia. Also other neurodegenarative disorders resulting from cerebral ischemia or infarction including embolic occlusion and thrombotic occlusion as well as intracranial hemorrhage of any type (including but not limited to epidural, subdural, subarachnoid, and intracerebral), and intracranial and intravertebral lesions (including but not limited to contusion, penetration, shear, compression, and laceration). Thus, the term “neurodegenerative disorder” also encompasses acute neurodegenerative disorders such as those involving stroke, traumatic brain injury, schizophrenia, peripheral nerve damage, hypoglycemia, spinal cord injury, epilepsy, anoxia, and hypoxia.

In certain embodiments, the neurodegenerative disorder is selected from Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, age-related memory loss, senility, and age-related dementia. In another embodiment, the neurodegenerative disorder is Alzheimer's disease, also characterized as an amyloidosis. Thus, other embodiments of the disclosure relate to the treatment or prevention of other amyloidosis disorders which share features, including, but not limited to, hereditary cerebral angiopathy, normeuropathic hereditary amyloid, Down's syndrome, macroglobulinemia, secondary familial Mediterranean fever, Muckle-Wells syndrome, multiple myeloma, pancreatic- and cardiac-related amyloidosis, chronic hemodialysis arthropathy, Finnish amyloidosis, and Iowa amyloidosis.

The term “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” refers to a pharmaceutically-acceptable material, composition, or vehicle, such as a liquid or solid filler, diluent, solvent, or encapsulating material. In one embodiment, each component is “pharmaceutically acceptable” in the sense of being compatible with the other ingredients of a pharmaceutical formulation, and suitable for use in contact with the tissue or an organ of a patient without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response, immunogenicity, or other problems or complications, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio. Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are known in the art; see, e.g., Pharmaceutical Preformulation and Formulation (Gibson, ed., 2^(nd) Ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla., 2009); Handbook of Pharmaceutical Additives (Ash and Ash, eds., 3^(rd) Ed., Gower Publishing Co., Aldershot, UK, 2007); Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences (Gennaro, ed., 19^(th) Ed., Mack Publishing, Easton, Pa., 1995); and Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients (Amer. Pharmaceutical Ass'n, Washington, D.C., 1986).

C. Compounds of Formula (IA) in Which XA and XB are Each O

In accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure, the compounds are of Formula (IA) in which Xa and Xb are each O and Xc is CH₂. In certain embodiments, the compounds of this embodiment can be represented by Formula (1):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof wherein:

Y is CH₂ or S;

X₄ is hydrogen or halogen;

R is a is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)—, and/or terminated by —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B), wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; and

X₂ is as disclosed below.

C-I. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is halogen. Table 1A lists specific examples of compounds within this embodiment. In each of the structures as drawn, X₂ is I and X₄ is H. However, corresponding structures in which X₂ is F, Cl, or Br are within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structures in Table 1A, Y is S. However, corresponding structures in which Y is CH₂ and/or X₄ is F, Cl, Br, or I are also within the scope of the disclosure. Additionally, in connection with each of the structures in Table 1A, corresponding structures in which X₂ is F, Cl, or Br and Y is CH₂ are also within the scope of the disclosure.

TABLE 1A Compound No. Structure Name 1A-1 

2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid isopropylamide 1A-2 

2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid ethylamide 1A-3 

2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid methylamide 1A-4 

2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid amide 1A-5 

2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid tert- butylamide 1A-6 

2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid isobutyl-amide 1A-7 

2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid cyclopropylamide 1A-8 

Propane-2-sulfonic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 1A-9 

Ethanesulfonic acid {2-[6- amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 1A-10

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}- methanesulfonamide 1A-11

2-Methyl-propane-2- sulfonic acid {2-[6-amino- 8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 1A-12

2-Methyl-propane-2- sulfinic acid {2-[6-amino- 8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 1A-13

2-Methyl-propane-1- sulfonic acid {2-[6-amino- 8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 1A-14

Cyclopropanesulfonic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 1A-15

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid isopropylamide 1A-16

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid ethylamide 1A-17

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid methylamide 1A-18

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid amide 1A-19

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid tert-butylamide 1A-20

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid isobutyl-amide 1A-21

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid cyclopropylamide 1A-22

Propane-2-sulfonic acid {3-[6-amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 1A-23

Ethanesulfonic acid {3-[6- amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 1A-24

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}- methanesulfonamide 1A-25

2-Methyl-propane-2- sulfonic acid {3-[6-amino- 8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 1A-26

2-Methyl-propane-2- sulfinic acid {3-[6-amino- 8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 1A-27

2-Methyl-propane-1- sulfonic acid {3-[6-amino- 8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 1A-28

Cyclopropanesulfonic acid {3-[6-amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 1A-29

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- isopropyl-propionamide 1A-30

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- ethyl-propionamide 1A-31

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- methyl-propionamide 1A-32

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propionamide 1A-33

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- tert-butyl-propionamide 1A-34

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- isobutyl-propionamide 1A-35

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- cyclopropyl-propionamide 1A-36

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-isobutyramide 1A-37

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-propionamide 1A-38

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-acetamide 1A-39

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-2,2-dimethyl- propionamide 1A-40

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-3-methyl- butyramide 1A-41

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(6- iodo-benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 1A-42

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-formamide 1A-43

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)pivalamide 1A-44

N-(3-(6-Amino-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)isobutyramide 1A-45

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)cyclopropane carboxamide 1A-46

N-(3-(6-Amino-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)isobutyramide 1A-47

1-((3-(6-Amino-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)amino)-2- methyl-1-oxopropan-2- yl acetate 1A-48

N-(3-(6-Amino-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)-2-hydroxy-2- methylpropanamide 1A-49

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((2- iodo-5- methoxyphenyl)thio)- 9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)pivalamide 1A-50

6-(6-amino-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)hexanamide

Table 4A lists specific examples in which X₂ is halogen and X₄ is halogen. In each of the structures as drawn, X₂ is I and X₄ is F. However, corresponding structures in which X₄ is H, Cl, Br, or I are within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structures in Table 4A, Y is CH₂. However, corresponding structures in which Y is S and/or X₂ is F, Cl, or Br are also within the scope of the disclosure. Additionally, in connection with each of the structures in Table 4A, corresponding structures in which X₄ is H, Cl, Br, or I and Y is S are also within the scope of the disclosure.

TABLE 4A Compound No. Structure Name 4A-1 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isopropyl- ethanesulfonamide 4A-2 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-ethylethanesulfonamide 4A-3 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-methylethanesulfonamide 4A-4 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethanesulfonamide 4A-5 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-(tert- butyl)ethanesulfonamide 4A-6 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N- isobutylethanesulfonamide 4A-7 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-cyclopropyl- ethanesulfonamide 4A-8 

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 4A-9 

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)ethanesulfonamide 4A-10

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)methane- sulfonamide 4A-11

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 2-sulfonamide 4A-12

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 2-sulfinamide 4A-13

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 1-sulfonamide 4A-14

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 4A-15

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 4A-16

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-ethylpropane-1- sulfonamide 4A-17

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 4A-18

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propane-1-sulfonamide 4A-19

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-(tert-butyl)propane-1- sulfonamide 4A-20

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isobutylpropane-1- sulfonamide 4A-21

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-cyclopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 4A-22

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 4A-23

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)ethane- sulfonamide 4A-24

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)methane- sulfonamide 4A-25

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfonamide 4A-26

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfinamide 4A-27

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)-2- methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 4A-28

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 4A-29

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isopropylpropanamide 4A-30

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-ethylpropanamide 4A-31

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-methylpropanamide 4A-32

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propanamide 4A-33

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-(tert-butyl)propanamide 4A-34

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isobutylpropanamide 4A-35

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N- cyclopropylpropanamide 4A-36

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)isobutyramide 4A-37

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)propionamide 4A-38

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)acetamide 4A-39

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)formamide 4A-40

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)pivalamide 4A-41

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-3- methylbutanamide 4A-42

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6- iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- carboxamide 4A-43

N-{3-[6-Amino-2-fluoro- 8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylmethyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-2,2-dimethyl- propionamide 4A-44

N-{3-[6-Amino-2-fluoro- 8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylmethyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-isobutyramide 4A-45

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid {3-[6-amino-2-fluoro- 8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylmethyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 4A-46

N-{3-[6-Amino-2-fluoro- 8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylmethyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-2-hydroxy- propionamide 4A-47

Acetic acid 1-{3-[6-amino- 2-fluoro-8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylmethyl)-purin-9-yl]- propylcarbamoyl}-1- methyl-ethyl ester 4A-48

N-{3-[6-Amino-2-fluoro- 8-(6-iodo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylmethyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-2-hydroxy-2- methyl-propionamide

Hsp90 binding results are presented for Compounds 1A-5, 1A-10, 1A-11, 1A-12, 1A-15, 1A-19, 1A-22, 1A-24, 1A-25 to 1A-28, 1A-43 to 1A-50, 4A-26, 4A-28, 4A-43, and 4A-45 in Table 12 below. As can be noted therefrom, all compounds showed a high level of binding affinity.

C-II. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is an optionally substituted aryl. Table IC lists specific examples of compounds within this embodiment. In each of the structures as drawn therein, X₂ is a nitrogen-containing heteroaryl group, specifically a pyrazolyl group, and X₄ is H. Corresponding structures in which X₂ is a different nitrogen-containing optionally substituted aryl group are within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structures in Table 1C, Y is S and X₄ is H. However, corresponding structures in which Y is CH and/or X₄ is F, Cl, Br, or I are also within the scope of the disclosure. Additionally, in connection with each of the structures in Table 1C, corresponding structures in which X₂ is a nitrogen-containing optionally substituted aryl group different from optionally substituted pyrazolyl, Y is CH₂, and/or X₄ is F, Cl, Br, or I are also within the scope of the disclosure.

TABLE 1C Compound No. Structure Name 1C-1 

2-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethanesulfonic acid isopropylamide 1C-2 

2-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethanesulfonic acid ethylamide 1C-3 

2-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethanesulfonic acid methylamide 1C-4 

2-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethanesulfonic acid amide 1C-5 

2-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethanesulfonic acid tert- butylamide 1C-6 

2-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethanesulfonic acid isobutyl-amide 1C-7 

2-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethanesulfonic acid cyclopropylamide 1C-8 

Propane-2-sulfonic acid (2- {6-amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethyl)-amide 1C-9 

Ethanesulfonic acid (2-{6- amino-8-[6-(1H-pyrazol-3- yl)-benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethyl)-amide 1C-10

N-(2-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethyl)-methanesulfonamide 1C-11

2-Methyl-propane-2- sulfonic acid (2-{6-amino- 8-[6-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethyl)-amide 1C-12

2-Methyl-propane-2- sulfinic acid (2-{6-amino- 8-[6-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethyl)-amide 1C-13

2-Methyl-propane-1- sulfonic acid (2-{6-amino- 8-[6-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethyl)-amide 1C-14

Cyclopropanesulfonic acid (2-{6-amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethyl)-amide 1C-15

3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propane-1-sulfonic acid isopropylamide 1C-16

3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propane-1-sulfonic acid ethylamide 1C-17

3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propane-1-sulfonic acid methylamide 1C-18

3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propane-1-sulfonic acid amide 1C-19

3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propane-1-sulfonic acid tert-butylamide 1C-20

3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propane-1-sulfonic acid isobutyl-amide 1C-21

3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propane-1-sulfonic acid cyclopropylamide 1C-22

Propane-2-sulfonic acid (3- {6-amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propyl)-amide 1C-23

Ethanesulfonic acid (3-{6- amino-8-[6-(1H-pyrazol-3- yl)-benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propyl)-amide 1C-24

N-(3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propyl)- methanesulfonamide 1C-25

2-Methyl-propane-2- sulfonic acid (3-{6-amino- 8-[6-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propyl)-amide 1C-26

2-Methyl-propane-2- sulfinic acid (3-{6-amino- 8-[6-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propyl)-amide 1C-27

2-Methyl-propane-1- sulfonic acid (3-{6-amino- 8-[6-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propyl)-amide 1C-28

Cyclopropanesulfonic acid (3-{6-amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propyl)-amide 1C-29

3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}-N- isopropyl-propionamide 1C-30

3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}-N- ethyl-propionamide 1C-31

3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}-N- methyl-propionamide 1C-32

3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propionamide 1C-33

3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}-N- tert-butyl-propionamide 1C-34

3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}-N- isobutyl-propionamide 1C-35

3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}-N- cyclopropyl-propionamide 1C-36

N-(2-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethyl)-isobutyramide 1C-37

N-(2-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethyl)-propionamide 1C-38

N-(2-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethyl)-acetamide 1C-39

N-(2-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethyl)-formamide 1C-40

N-(2-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethyl)-2,2-dimethyl- propionamide 1C-41

N-(2-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethyl)-3-methyl- butyramide 1C-42

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (2-{6-amino-8-[6- (1H-pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- ethyl)-amide 1C-43

N-(3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propyl)-2,2-dimethyl- propionamide 1C-44

N-(3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propyl)-isobutyramide 1C-45

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (3-{6-amino-8-[6- (1H-pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propyl)-amide 1C-46

N-(3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propyl)-2-hydroxy- propionamide 1C-47

Acetic acid 1-(3-{6-amino- 8-[6-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propylcarbamoyl)-1- methyl-ethyl ester 1C-48

N-(3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(1H- pyrazol-3-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propyl)-2-hydroxy-2- methyl-propionamide 1C-49

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((5- methoxy-2-(1H-pyrazol-3- yl)phenyl)thio)-9H-purin- 9-yl)propyl)pivalamide

Table 1D lists specific examples of additional compounds within this embodiment. In each of the structures as drawn therein, X₂ is a nitrogen and oxygen-containing heteroaryl group, specifically an oxazolyl group, and X₄ is H Corresponding structures in which X₂ is a different nitrogen and oxygen-containing optionally substituted aryl group are within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structures in Table 1D, Y is S and X₄ is H. However, corresponding structures in which Y is CH₂ and/or X₄ is F, Cl, Br, or I are also within the scope of the disclosure. Additionally, in connection with each of the structures in Table 1D, corresponding structures in which X₂ is a nitrogen and oxygen-containing optionally substituted aryl group different from optionally substituted oxazolyl, Y is CH₂, and/or X₄ is F, Cl, Br, or I are also within the scope of the disclosure.

TABLE 1D Compound No. Structure Name 1D-1 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isopropyl- ethanesulfonamide 1D-2 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-ethylethanesulfonamide 1D-3 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-methylethanesulfonamide 1D-4 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethanesulfonamide 1D-5 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-(tert- butyl)ethanesulfonamide 1D-6 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isobutylethanesulfonamide 1D-7 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-cyclopropyl- ethanesulfonamide 1D-8 

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 1D-9 

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)ethane-2- sulfonamide 1D-10

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)methane-2- sulfonamide 1D-11

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 2-sulfonamide 1D-12

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 2-sulfinamide 1D-13

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 1-sulfonamide 1D-14

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 1D-15

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1D-16

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-ethylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1D-17

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1D-18

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propane-1-sulfonamide 1D-19

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-(tert-butyl)propane-1- sulfonamide 1D-20

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isobutylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1D-21

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-cyclopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1D-22

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 1D-23

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)ethane- sulfonamide 1D-24

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)methane-2- sulfonamide 1D-25

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfonamide 1D-26

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfinamide 1D-27

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)-2- methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1D-28

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 1D-29

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- isopropylpropanamide 1D-30

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- ethylpropanamide 1D-31

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-methylpropanamide 1D-32

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propionamide 1D-33

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-(tert-butyl)propanamide 1D-34

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isobutylpropanamide 1D-35

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- cyclopropylpropanamide 1D-36

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)isobutyramide 1D-37

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)propionamide 1D-38

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)acetamide 1D-39

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)formamide 1D-40

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)pivalamide 1D-41

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-3- methylbutanamide 1D-42

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (oxazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- carboxamide 1D-43

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6- oxazol-2-yl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-2,2-dimethyl- propionamide 1D-44

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6- oxazol-2-yl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-isobutyramide 1D-45

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid {3-[6-amino-8-(6- oxazol-2-yl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 1D-46

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6- oxazol-2-yl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-2-hydroxy- propionamide 1D-47

Acetic acid 1-{3-[6-amino- 8-(6-oxazol-2-yl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propylcarbamoyl}-1- methyl-ethyl ester 1D-48

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6- oxazol-2-yl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-2-hydroxy-2- methyl-propionamide 1D-49

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((5- methoxy-2-(oxazol-2- yl)phenyl)thio)-9H-purin- 9-yl)propyl)pivalamide

Table 1E lists specific examples of additional compounds within this embodiment. In each of the structures as drawn therein, X₂ is a nitrogen and sulfur-containing heteroaryl group, specifically a thiazolyl group, and X₄ is H. Corresponding structures in which X₂ is a different nitrogen and sulfur-containing optionally substituted aryl group are within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structures in Table 1E, Y is S and X₄ is H. However, corresponding structures in which Y is CH₂ and/or X₄ is F, Cl, Br, or I are also within the scope of the disclosure. Additionally, in connection with each of the structures in Table 1E, corresponding structures in which X₂ is a nitrogen and sulfur-containing optionally substituted aryl group different from optionally substituted thiazolyl, Y is CH₂, and/or X₄ is F, Cl, Br, or I are also within the scope of the disclosure.

TABLE 1E Compound No. Structure Name 1E-1 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- isopropylethanesulfonamide 1E-2 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-ethylethanesulfonamide 1E-3 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-methylethanesulfonamide 1E-4 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethanesulfonamide 1E-5 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-(tert- butyl)ethanesulfonamide 1E-6 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isobutylethanesulfonamide 1E-7 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-cyclopropyl- ethanesulfonamide 1E-8 

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 1E-9 

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)ethane-2- sulfonamide 1E-10

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)methane-2- sulfonamide 1E-11

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 2-sulfonamide 1E-12

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 2-sulfinamide 1E-13

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 1-sulfonamide 1E-14

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 1E-15

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1E-16

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-ethylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1E-17

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1E-18

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propane-1-sulfonamide 1E-19

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-(tert-butyl)propane-1- sulfonamide 1E-20

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isobutylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1E-21

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-cyclopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1E-22

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 1E-23

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 1E-24

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 1E-25

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)-2- methypropane-2- sulfonamide 1E-26

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)-2- methypropane-2- sulfinamide 1E-27

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)-2- methypropane-1- sulfonamide 1E-28

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 1E-29

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isopropylpropanamide 1E-30

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-ethylpropanamide 1E-31

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-methylpropanamide 1E-32

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propanamide 1E-33

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-(tert-butyl)propanamide 1E-34

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isobutylpropanamide 1E-35

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(thiazol- 2-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-cyclopropylpropanamide 1E-36

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)isobutyramide 1E-37

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)propionamide 1E-38

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)acetamide 1E-39

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)formamide 1E-40

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)pivalamide 1E-41

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-3- methylbutanamide 1E-42

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (thiazol-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- carboxamide 1E-43

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6- (thiazol-2-yl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-2,2-dimethyl- propionamide 1E-44

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6- thiazol-2-yl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-isobutyramide 1E-45

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid {3-[6-amino-8-(6- thiazol-2-yl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 1E-46

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6- thiazol-2-yl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-2-hydroxy- propionamide 1E-47

Acetic acid 1-(3-[6-amino- 8-(6-thiazol-2-yl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propylcarbamoyl}-1- methyl-ethyl ester 1E-48

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6- thiazol-2-yl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-2-hydroxy-2- methyl-propionamide 1E-49

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((5- methoxy-2-(thiazol-2- yl)phenyl)thio)-9H-purin- 9-yl)propyl)pivalamide

Table 1F lists specific examples of additional compounds within this embodiment. In each of the structures as drawn therein, X₂ is an oxygen-containing heteroaryl group, specifically a furanyl group, and X₄ is H. Corresponding structures in which X₂ is a different oxygen-containing optionally substituted aryl group are within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structures in Table 1F, Y is S and X₄ is H. However, corresponding structures in which Y is CH₂ and/or X₄ is F, Cl, Br, or I are also within the scope of the disclosure. Additionally, in connection with each of the structures in Table 1F, corresponding structures in which X₂ is an oxygen-containing optionally substituted aryl group different from optionally unsubstituted furanyl, Y is CH₂, and/or X₄ is F, Cl, Br, or I are also within the scope of the disclosure.

TABLE 1F Compound No. Structure Name 1F-1 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- isopropyl- ethanesulfonamide 1F-2 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- ethylethanesulfonamide 1F-3 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- methylethanesulfonamide 1F-4 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethanesulfonamide 1F-5 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- (tert- butyl)ethanesulfonamide 1F-6 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- isobutylethanesulfonamide 1F-7 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- cyclopropyl- ethanesulfonamide 1F-8 

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 1F-9 

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)ethane-2- sulfonamide 1F-10

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)methane-2- sulfonamide 1F-11

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 2-sulfonamide 1F-12

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 2-sulfinamide 1F-13

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 1-sulfonamide 1F-14

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 1F-15

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- isopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1F-16

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- ethylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1F-17

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1F-18

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propane-1-sulfonamide 1F-19

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- (tert-butyl)propane-1- sulfonamide 1F-20

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- isobutylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1F-21

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- cyclopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1F-22

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 1F-23

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)ethane-2- sulfonamide 1F-24

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)methane-2- sulfonamide 1F-25

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfonamide 1F-26

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)propane-2- sulfinamide 1F-27

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)2- methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1F-28

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 1F-29

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- isopropylpropanamide 1F-30

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- ethylpropanamide 1F-31

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- methylpropanamide 1F-32

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propanamide 1F-33

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- (tert-butyl)propanamide 1F-34

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- isobutylpropanamide 1F-35

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- cyclopropylpropanamide 1F-36

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)isobutyramide 1F-37

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)propanamide 1F-38

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)acetamide 1F-39

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)formamide 1F-40

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)pivalamide 1F-41

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-3- methylbutanamide 1F-42

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (furan-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- carboxamide 1F-43

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- isopropyl- ethanesulfonamide 1F-44

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- ethylethanesulfonamide 1F-45

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- methylethanesulfonamide 1F-46

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethanesulfonamide 1F-47

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- (tert- butyl)ethanesulfonamide 1F-48

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- isobutylethanesulfonamide 1F-49

2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- cyclopropyl- ethanesulfonamide 1F-50

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 1F-51

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)ethane-2- sulfonamide 1F-52

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)methane-2- sulfonamide 1F-53

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 2-sulfonamide 1F-54

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 2-sulfinamide 1F-55

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)bcnzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 1-sulfonamide 1F-56

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 1F-57

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- isopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1F-58

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- ethyl-propane-1- sulfonamide 1F-59

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1F-60

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propane-1-sulfonamide 1F-61

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- (tert-butyl)propane-1- sulfonamide 1F-62

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- isobutylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1F-63

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- cyclopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1F-64

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 1F-65

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)ethane-2- sulfonamide 1F-66

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)methane-2- sulfonamide 1F-67

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfonamide 1F-68

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)propane-2- sulfinamide 1F-69

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)2- methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1F-70

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 1F-71

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- isopropylpropanamide 1F-72

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- ethylpropanamide 1F-73

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- methylpropanamide 1F-74

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propanamide 1F-75

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- (tert-butyl)propanamide 1F-76

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- isobutylpropanamide 1F-77

3-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- cyclopropylpropanamide 1F-78

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)isobutyramide 1F-79

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)propanamide 1F-80

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)acetamide 1F-81

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)formamide 1F-82

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)pivalamide 1F-83

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-3- methylbutanamide 1F-84

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- carboxamide 1F-85

N-(3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(5- methyl-furan-2-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propyl)-2,2-dimethyl- propionamide 1F-86

N-(3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(5- methyl-furan-2-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propyl)-isobutyramide 1F-87

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (3-{6-amino-8-[6-(5- methyl-furan-2-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propyl)-amide 1F-88

N-(3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(5- methyl-furan-2-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propyl)-2-hydroxy- propionamide 1F-89

Acetic acid 1-(3-{6-amino- 8-[6-(5-methyl-furan-2- yl)-benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propylcarbamoyl)-1- methyl-ethyl ester 1F-90

N-(3-{6-Amino-8-[6-(5- methyl-furan-2-yl)- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl]-purin-9-yl}- propyl)-2-hydroxy-2- methyl-propionamide 1F-91

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((5- methoxy-2-(5- methylfuran-2- yl)phenyl)thio)-9H-purin- 9-yl)propyl)pivalamide

C-III. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is an alkynyl group, e.g., ethynyl, 1-prop-1-ynyl, and 3-prop-1-ynyl. Table 1B lists specific examples of compounds within this embodiment. In each of the structures as drawn, X₂ is ethynyl and X₄ is H. However, corresponding structures in which X₂ is another alkynyl group, including specifically for example propynyl or butynyl, are within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structures in Table 1B, Y is S. However, corresponding structures in which Y is CH₂ and/or X₄ is F, Cl, Br, or I are also within the scope of the disclosure. Additionally, in connection with each of the structures in Table 1B, corresponding structures in which X₂ is another alkynyl group, including specifically for example propynyl or butynyl, and Y is CH₂ are also within the scope of the disclosure.

TABLE 1B Compound No. Structure Name 1B-1 

2-(6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid isopropylamide 1B-2 

2-[6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid ethylamide 1B-3 

2-[6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid methylamide 1B-4 

2-[6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid amide 1B-5 

2-[6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid tert- butylamide 1B-6 

2-[6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid isobutyl-amide 1B-7 

2-[6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid cyclopropylamide 1B-8 

Propane-2-sulfonic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 1B-9 

Ethanesulfonic acid {2-[6- amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 1B-10

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6- ethynyl-benzo[1,3]dioxol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}- methanesulfonamide 1B-11

2-Methyl-propane-2- sulfonic acid {2-[6-amino- 8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 1B-12

2-Methyl-propane-2- sulfinic acid {2-[6-amino- 8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 1B-13

2-Methyl-propane-1- sulfonic acid {2-[6-amino- 8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 1B-14

Cyclopropanesulfonic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 1B-15

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid isopropylamide 1B-16

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid ethylamide 1B-17

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid methylamide 1B-18

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid amide 1B-19

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid tert-butylamide 1B-20

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid isobutyl-amide 1B-21

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propaue-1-sulfonic acid cyclopropylamide 1B-22

Propane-2-sulfonic acid {3-[6-amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 1B-23

Ethanesulfonic acid {3-[6- amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 1B-24

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6- ethynyl-benzo[1,3]dioxol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}- methanesulfonamide 1B-25

2-Methyl-propane-2- sulfonic acid {3-[6-amino- 8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 1B-26

2-Methyl-propane-2- sulfinic acid {3-[6-amino- 8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 1B-27

2-Methyl-propane-1- sulfonic acid {3-[6-amino- 8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 1B-28

Cyclopropanesulfonic acid {3-[6-amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 1B-29

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- isopropyl-propionamide 1B-30

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- ethyl-propionamide 1B-31

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- methyl-propionamide 1B-32

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propionamide 1B-33

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- tert-butyl-propionamide 1B-34

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- isobutyl-propionamide 1B-35

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- cyclopropyl-propionamide 1B-36

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6- ethynyl-benzo[1,3]dioxol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-isobutyramide 1B-37

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6- ethynyl-benzo[1,3]dioxol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-propionamide 1B-38

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6- ethynyl-benzo[1,3]dioxol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-acetamide 1B-39

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6- ethynyl-benzo[1,3]dioxol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-formamide 1B-40

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6- ethynyl-benzo[1,3]dioxol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-2,2-dimethyl- propionamide 1B-41

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6- ethynyl-benzo[1,3]dioxol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-3-methyl- butyramide 1B-42

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(6- ethynyl-benzo[1,3]dioxol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 1B-43

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6- ethynyl-benzo[1,3]dioxol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-2,2-dimethyl- propionamide 1B-44

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6- ethynyl-benzo[1,3]dioxol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-isobutyramide 1B-45

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid {3-(6-amino-8-(6- ethynyl-benzo[1,3]dioxol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 1B-46

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6- ethynyl-benzo[1,3]dioxol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-2-hydroxy- propionamide 1B-47

Acetic acid 1-{3-[6-amino- 8-(6-ethynyl- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propylcarbamoyl}-1- methyl-ethyl ester 1B-48

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6- ethynyl-benzo[1,3]dioxol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-2-hydroxy-2- methyl-propionamide 1B-49

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((2- ethynyl-5- methoxyphenyl)thio)-9H- purin-9- yl)propyl)pivalamide

Hsp90 binding results are presented for Compounds 1B-28, 1B-43, and 1B-45 in Table 12 below. As can be noted therefrom, all compounds showed a high level of binding affinity.

C-IV. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is an amino group, i.e., —NR₁R₂, wherein R₁ and R₂ are each independently H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₄ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, or alkylheteroarylalkyl. Table 1G lists specific examples of compounds within this embodiment. In each of the structures as drawn, X₂ is dimethylamino and X₄ is H. However, corresponding structures in which X₂ is another amino group, including specifically for example diethylamino, methylethylamino or cyclopropylamino, are within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structures in Table 1G, Y is S. However, corresponding structures in which Y is CH₂ and/or X₄ is F, Cl, Br, or I are also within the scope of the disclosure. Additionally, in connection with each of the structures in Table 1G, corresponding structures in which X₂ is another amino group, including specifically for example diethylamino, methylethylamino or cyclopropylamino, and Y is CH₂ are also within the scope of the disclosure.

TABLE 1G Compound No. Structure Name 1G-1 

2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N-isopropyl- ethanesulfonamide 1G-2 

2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- ethylethanesulfonamide 1G-3 

2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- ethylethanesulfonamide 1G-4 

2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9- yl)ethanesulfonamide 1G-5 

2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N-(tert- butyl)ethanesulfonamide 1G-6 

2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- isobutylethanesulfonamide 1G-7 

2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N-cyclopropyl- ethanesulfonamide 1G-8 

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)propane- 2-sulfonamide 1G-9 

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)ethane-2- sulfonamide 1G-10

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)methane- 2-sulfonamide 1G-11

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- puriri-9-yl)eihyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfonamide 1G-12

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfonamide 1G-13

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)- 2methylpropane-2- sulfonamide 1G-14

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 1G-15

3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- isopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1G-16

3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- ethylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1G-17

3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1G-18

3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)propane-1- sulfonamide 1G-19

3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N-(tert- butyl)propane-1- sulfonamide 1G-20

3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- isobutylproparte-1- sulfonamide 1G-21

3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- cyclopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1G-22

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)propyl)propane- 2-sulfonamide 1G-23

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)propyl)ethane- 2-sulfonamide 1G-24

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9- yl)propyl)methane-2- sulfonamide 1G-25

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)propyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfonamide 1G-26

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)propyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfonamide 1G-27

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)propyl)-2- methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 1G-28

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9- yl)propyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 1G-29

3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- isopropylpropanamide 1G-30

3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- ethylpropanamide 1G-31

3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- methylpropanamide 1G-32

3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)propanamide 1G-33

3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N-(tert- butyl)propanamide 1G-34

3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- isobutylpropanamide 1G-35

3-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- cyclopropylpropanamide 1G-36

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9- yl)ethyl)isobutyramide 1G-37

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9- yl)ethyl)propanamide 1G-38

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)acetamide 1G-39

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9- yl)ethyl)formamide 1G-40

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9- yl)ethyl)pivalamide 1G-41

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)-3- methylbutanamide 1G-42

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H- purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- carboxamide 1G-43

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6- dimethylamino- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-2,2-dimethyl- propionamide 1G-44

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6- dimethylamino- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-isobutyramide 1G-45

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid {3-[6-amino-8-(6- dimethylamino- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 1G-46

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6- dimethylamino- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-2-hydroxy propionamide 1G-47

Acetic acid 1-{3-[6-amino- 8-(6-dimethylamino- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propylcarbamoyl}-1- methyl-ethyl ester 1G-48

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6- dimethylammo- benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-2-hydroxy-2 methyl-propionamide 1G-49

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((2- (dimethylamino)-5- methoxyphenyl)thio)-9H- purin-9- yl)propyl)pivalamide

Hsp90 binding results are presented for Compounds 1G-28, 1G-43, and 1G-45 in Table 12 below. As can be noted therefrom, all compounds showed a high level of binding affinity.

D. Compounds of Formula (IA) in Which XA or XB is O

In accordance with another embodiment of the disclosure, the compounds are of Formula (IA) in which one of Xa and Xb is O and Xc and the other of Xa and Xb is CH₂. Thus, the compounds of this embodiment can be represented by Formula (2):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

one of Xa and Xb is O and the other is CH₂;

Y is CH, or S;

X₄ is hydrogen or halogen;

R is a is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)—, and/or terminated by —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B), wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkanyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; and

X₂ is as disclosed below.

D-I. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is halogen. Table 2A lists specific examples of compounds within this embodiment. In each of the structures as drawn, X₂ is I and X₄ is H. However, corresponding structures in which X₂ is F, Cl, or Br are within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structures in Table 2A, Y is S. However, corresponding structures in which Y is CH₂ and/or X₄ is F, Cl, Br, or I are also within the scope of the disclosure. Additionally, in connection with each of the structures in Table 2A, corresponding structures in which X₂ is F, Cl, or Br and Y is CH₂ are also within the scope of the disclosure.

TABLE 2A Compound No. Structure Name 2A-1 

2-[6-Amiro-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfany])-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid isopropylamide 2A-2 

2-[6-Amiro-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfany])-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid ethylamide 2A-3 

2-[6-Amiro-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfany])-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid methylamide 2A-4 

2-[6-Amiro-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfany])-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid amide 2A-5 

2-[6-Amiro-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfany])-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid tert- butylamide 2A-6 

2-[6-Amiro-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfany])-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid isobutyl-amide 2A-7 

2-[6-Amiro-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfany])-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid cyclopropylamide 2A-8 

Propane-2-sulfonic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(5-iodo-2,3 dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 2A-9 

Ethanesulfonic acid {2-[6- amino-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 2A-10

N-(2-(6-Amino-8-(5-iodo- ylsulfanylfuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl)- ethyl)-methanesulfonamide 2A-11

2-Methyl-propane-2- sulfonic acid {2-[6-amino- 8-(5-iodo-2,3-dihydro- benzofuran-6-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethyl}-amide 2A-12

2-Methyl-propane-2- sulfinic acid {2-[6-amino- 8-(5-iodo-2,3-dihydro- benzofuran-6-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethyl}-amide 2A-13

2-Methyl-propane-1- sulfinic acid {2-[6-amino- 8-(5-iodo-2,3-dihydro- benzofuran-6-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethyl}-amide 2A-14

Cyclopropanesulfonic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 2A-15

3-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid isopropylamide 2A-16

3-[6-Amino-8-{5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid ethylamide 2A-17

3-[6-Amino-8-{5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid methylamide 2A-18

3-[6-Amino-8-{5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid amide 2A-19

3-[6-Amino-8-{5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid tert-butylamide 2A-20

3-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dibydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid isobutyl-amide 2A-21

3-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dibydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid cyclopropylamide 2A-22

Propane-2-sulfonic acid {3-[6-amino-8-(5-iodo- 2,3,3a,7a-tetrahydro- benzofuran-6-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propyl}-amide 2A-23

Ethanesuifonic acid {3-[6- amino-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 2A-24

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo- 2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}- methanesulfonamide 2A-25

2-Methyl-propane-2- sulfonic acid {3-[6-amino- 8-(5-iodo-2,3-dihydro- benzofuran-6-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propyl}-amide 2A-26

2-Methyl-propane-2- sulfinic acid {3-[6-amino- 8-(5-iodo-2,3-dihydro- benzofuran-6-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propyl}-amide 2A-27

2-Methyl-propane-1- sulfonic acid {3-[6-amino- 8-(5-iodo-2,3-dihydro- benzofuran-6-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propyl}-amide 2A-28

Cyclopropanesulfonic acid {3-[6-amino-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 2A-29

3-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- isopropyl-propionamide 2A-30

3-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- ethyl-propionamide 2A-31

3-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- methyl-propionamide 2A-32

3-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propionamide 2A-33

3-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- tert-butyl-propionamide 2A-34

3-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- isobutyl-propionamide 2A-35

3-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- cyclopropyl-propionamide 2A-36

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo- 2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-propionamide 2A-37

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo- 2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-propionamide 2A-38

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo- 2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-acetamide 2A-39

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo- 2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-2,2-dimethyl- propionamide 2A-40

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo- 2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-3-methyl- butyramide 2A-41

Clyclopropanecarboxylic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(5- iodo-2,3-dihydro- benzufuran-6-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethyl}-amide 2A-42

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo- 2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-formamide 2A-43

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo- 2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-2,2-dimethyl- propionamide 2A-44

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo- 2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-isobutyramide 2A-45

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid {3-[6-amino-8-(5- iodo-2,3-dihydro- benzufuran-6-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propyl}-amide 2A-46

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo- 2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-2-hydroxy- propionamide 2A-47

Acetic acid 1-{3-[6-amino- 8-(5-iodo-2,3-dihydro- benzofuran-6-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]- propylcarbamoyl}-1- methyl-ethyl ester 2A-48

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(5-iodo- 2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-2-hydroxy-2- methyl-propionamide

Table 5A lists specific examples in which X₂ is halogen and X₄ is halogen. In each of the structures as drawn, X₂ is I and X₄ is F. However, corresponding structures in which X₄ is H, Cl, Br, or I are within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structures in Table 5A, Y is CH₂. However, corresponding structures in which Y is S and/or X₂ is F, Cl, or Br are also within the scope of the disclosure. Additionally, in connection with each of the structures in Table 5A, corresponding structures in which X₄ is H, Cl, Br, or I and Y is S are also within the scope of the disclosure.

TABLE 5A Compound No. Structure Name 5A-1 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isopropyl- 1-ethanesulfonamide 5A-2 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-ethylethanesulfonamide 5A-3 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N- methylethanesulfonamide 5A-4 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)sulfonamide 5A-5 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-(tert- butyl)ethanesulfonamide 5A-6 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N- isobutylethanesulfonamide 5A-7 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-cyclopropyl- ethanesulfonamide 5A-8 

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 5A-9 

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)ethanesulfonamide 5A-10

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)methane- sulfonamide 5A-11

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 2-sulfonamide 5A-12

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 2-sulfonamide 5A-13

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 1-sulfonamide 5A-14

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 5A-15

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 5A-16

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-ethylpropane-1- sulfonamide 5A-17

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 5A-18

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propane-1-sulfonamide 5A-19

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-(tert-butyl)propane-1- sulfonamide 5A-20

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isobutylpropane-1- sulfonamide 5A-21

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-cyclopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 5A-22

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 5A-23

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)ethane- sulfonamide 5A-24

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)methane- sulfonamide 5A-25

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfonamide 5A-26

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfinamide 5A-27

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)-2- methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 5A-28

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 5A-29

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isopropylpropanamide 5A-30

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-ethylpropanamide 5A-31

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-methylpropanamide 5A-32

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propanamide 5A-33

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-(tert-butyl)propanamide 5A-34

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isobutylpropanamide 5A-35

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((5- iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-cyclopropylpropanamide 5A-36

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)isobutyramide 5A-37

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)propionamide 5A-38

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)isobutyramide 5A-39

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)acetamide 5A-40

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)pivalamide 5A-41

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-3- methylbutanamide 5A-42

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((5-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-6- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- carboxamide 5A-43

N-{3-[6-Ammo-2-fluoro- 8-(5-iodo-2,3-dihydro- benzofuran-6-ylmethyl)- purin-9-yl]-propyl}-2,2- dimethyl-propionamide 5A-44

N-{3-[6-Amino-2-fluoro- 8-(5-iodo-2,3-dihydro- benzofuran-6-ylmethyl)- purin-9-yl]-propyl}- isobutyramide 5A-45

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid {3-[6-amino-2-fluoro- 8-(5-iodo-2,3-dihydro- benzofuran-6-ylmethyl)- purin-9-yl]-propyl}-amide 5A-46

N-{3-[6-Amino-2-fluoro- 8-(5-iodo-2,3-dihydro- benzofuran-6-ylmethyl)- purin-9-yl]-propyl}-2- hydroxy-propionamide 5A-47

Acetic acid 1-{3-[6-amino- 2-fluoro-8-(5-iodo-2,3- dihydro-benzofuran-6- ylmethyl)-purin-9-yl]- propylcarbamoyl}-1- methyl-ethyl ester 5A-48

N-{3-[6-Amino-2-fluoro- 8-(5-iodo-2,3-dihydro- benzofuran-6-ylmethyl)- purin-9-yl]-propyl}- hydroxy-2-methyl- propionamide

In each of the structures Xb is O and Xa is CH₂. However, corresponding structures in which Xb is CH₂ and Xa is O are also within the scope of the disclosure.

Hsp90 binding results are presented for Compounds 2A-11, 2A-12, 2A-26 and 2A-45 in Table 12 below. As can be noted therefrom, the compounds showed a high level of binding affinity.

D-II. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is an optionally substituted aryl. Specific examples of compounds within the scope of this aspect of the disclosure correspond to the compounds disclosed in Tables 2A and 5A, or variations thereof as described in A. and D-I. above, in which X₂ is an optionally substituted aryl, including but not limited to pyrazolyl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, oxazolyl, oxazol-2-yl, thiazolyl, thiazol-2-yl, furanyl, furan-2-yl, and 5-methylfuran-2-yl.

D-III. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is an alkynyl group, e.g., ethynyl, 1-prop-1-ynyl, and 3-prop-1-ynyl. Specific examples of compounds within the scope of this aspect of the disclosure correspond to the compounds disclosed in Tables 2A and 5A, or variations thereof as described in A. and D-I. above, in which X₂ is an alkynyl group.

D-IV. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is an amino group, i.e., —NR₁R₂, wherein R₁ and R₂ are each independently H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, or alkylheteroarylalkyl. Specific examples of compounds within the scope of this aspect of the disclosure correspond to the compounds disclosed in Tables 2A and 5A, or variations thereof as described in A. and D-I. above, in which X₂ is an amino group.

E. Compounds of Formula (IA) in Which XA or XB is C(═O)

In accordance with another embodiment of the disclosure, the compounds are of Formula (IA) in which one of Xa and Xb is C(═O) and Xc and the other of Xa and Xb is CH₂. Thus, the compounds of this embodiment can be represented by Formula (3):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

one of Xa and Xb is a carbonyl group, i.e., C(═O), and the other is CH₂;

Y is CH₂ or S;

X₄ is hydrogen or halogen;

R is a is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)—, and/or terminated by —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B), wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; and

X₂ is as disclosed below.

E-I. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is halogen. Table 7A lists specific examples of compounds within this embodiment. In each of the structures as drawn, X₂ is I and X₄ is H. However, corresponding structures in which X₂ is F, Cl, or Br are within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structures in Table 7A, Y is S. However, corresponding structures in which Y is CH₂ and/or X₄ is F, Cl, Br, or I are also within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structures in Table 7A, Xb is C(═O) and Xa is CH₂. However, corresponding structures where Xa is C(═O) and Xb is CH₂ are also within the scope of the disclosure. Additionally, in connection with each of the structures in Table 7A, corresponding structures in which X₂ is F, Cl, or Br, Y is CH₂, Xa is C(═O), and Xb is CH₂ are also within the scope of the disclosure.

TABLE 7A Compound No. Structure Name 7A-1 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-iodo-3- oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N- isopropylethanesulfonamide 7A-2 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-iodo-3- oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-ethylethanesulfonamide 7A-3 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-iodo-3- oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-methylethanesulfonamide 7A-4 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-iodo-3- oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethanesulfonamide 7A-5 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-iodo-3- oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-(tert- butyl)ethanesulfonamide 7A-6 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-iodo-3- oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N- isobutylethanesulfonamide 7A-7 

2-(6-amino-8-((6-iodo-3- oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-cyclopropyl- ethanesulfonamide 7A-8 

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-iodo- 3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin- 9-yl)ethyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 7A-9 

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-iodo- 3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin- 9- yl)-ethyl)ethanesulfonamide 7A-10

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-iodo- 3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin- 9-yl)ethyl)methane- sulfonamide 7A-11

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-iodo- 3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin- 9-yl)ethyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfonamide 7A-12

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-iodo- 3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin- 9-yl)ethyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfinamide 7A-13

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-iodo- 3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin- 9-yl)ethyl)-2- methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 7A-14

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-iodo- 3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin- 9-yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 7A-15

3-(6-amino-8-((6-iodo-3- oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 7A-16

3-(6-amino-8-((6-iodo-3- oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-ethylpropane-1- sulfonamide 7A-17

3-(6-amino-8-((6-iodo-3- oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 7A-18

3-(6-amino-8-((6-iodo-3- oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propane-1-sulfonamide 7A-19

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-3- oxo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propane-1- sulfonic acid tert- butylamide 7A-20

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-3- oxo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propane-1- sulfonic acid isobutyl-amide 7A-21

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-3- oxo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propane-1- sulfonic acid cyclopropylamide 7A-22

Propane-2-sulfonic acid {3- [6-amino-8-(6-iodo-3-oxo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-propyl}-amide 7A-23

Ethanesulfonic acid {3-[6- amino-8-(6-iodo-3-oxo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-propyl}-amide 7A-24

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- 3-oxo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propyl}- methanesulfonamide 7A-25

2-Methyl-propane-2- sulfonic acid {3-[6-amino- 8-(6-iodo-3-oxo-indan-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 7A-26

2-Methyl-propane-2- sulfinic acid {3-[6-amino-8- (6-iodo-3-oxo-indan-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 7A-27

2-Methyl-propane-1- sulfonic acid {3-[6-amino- 8-(6-iodo-3-oxo-indan-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 7A-28

Cyclopropanesulfonic acid {3-[6-amino-8-(6-iodo-3- oxo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propyl}-amide 7A-29

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-3- oxo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-N-isopropyl- propionamide 7A-30

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-3- oxo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-N-ethyl- propionamide 7A-31

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-3- oxo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-N-methyl- propionamide 7A-32

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-3- oxo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propionamide 7A-33

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-3- oxo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-N-tert-butyl- propionamide 7A-34

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-3- oxo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-N-isobutyl- propionamide 7A-35

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-3- oxo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-N-cyclopropyl- propionamide 7A-36

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- 3-oxo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethyl}- isobutyramide 7A-37

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- 3-oxo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethyl}- propionamide 7A-38

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- 3-oxo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethyl}- acetamide 7A-39

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- 3-oxo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethyl}-2,2- dimethyl-propionamide 7A-40

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- 3-oxo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethyl}-3- methyl-butyramide 7A-41

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(6-iodo- 3-oxo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethyl}-amide 7A-42

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- 3-oxo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethyl}- formamide

Table 9A lists specific examples in which X₂ is halogen and X₄ is halogen. In each of the structures as drawn, X₂ is I and X₄ is F. However, corresponding structure in which X₄ is H, Cl, Br, or I are within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structures in Table 9A, Y is CH₂. However, corresponding structures in which Y is S and/or X₂ is F, Cl, or Br are also within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structures in Table 9A, Xb is C(═O) and Xa is CH₂. However, corresponding structures where Xa is C(═O) and Xb is CH₂ are also within the scope of the disclosure. However, corresponding structures in which Y is S are also within the scope of the disclosure. Additionally, in connection with each of the structures in Table 9A, corresponding structures in which X₄ is H, Cl, Br, or I, Y is S, Xa is C(═O), and Xb is CH₂ are also within the scope of the disclosure.

TABLE 9A Compound No. Structure Name 9A-1 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- isopropylethanesulfonamide 9A-2 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- ethylethanesulfonamide 9A-3 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- methylethanesulfonamide 9A-4 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9- yl)ethanesulfonamide 9A-5 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N-(tert- butyl)ethanesulfonamide 9A-6 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- isobutylethanesulfonamide 9A-7 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N-cyclopropyl- ethanesulfonamide 9A-8 

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 9A-9 

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9- yl)ethyl)ethanesulfonamide 9A-10

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)methane- sulfonamide 9A-11

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfonamide 9A-12

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfinamide 9A-13

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)-2- methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 9A-14

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 9A-15

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- isopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 9A-16

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N-ethylpropane- 1-sulfonamide 9A-17

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 9A-18

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)propane-1- sulfonamide 9A-19

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N-(tert- butyl)propane-1- sulfonamide 9A-20

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- isobutylpropane-1- sulfonamide 9A-21

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- cyclopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 9A-22

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)propyl)propane- 2-sulfonamide 9A-23

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)propyl)ethane- sulfonamide 9A-24

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)propyl)methane- sulfonamide 9A-25

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)propyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfonamide 9A-26

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)propyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfinamide 9A-27

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)propyl)-2- methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 9A-28

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9- yl)propyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 9A-29

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- isopropylpropanamide 9A-30

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- ethylpropanamide 9A-31

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- methylpropane-amide 9A-32

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)propanamide 9A-33

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N-(tert- butyl)propanamide 9A-34

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- isobutylpropanamide 9A-35

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- cyclopropylpropanamide 9A-36

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9- yl)ethyl)isobutyramide 9A-37

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9- yl)ethyl)propionamide 9A-38

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)acetamide 9A-39

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)formamide 9A-40

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)pivalamide 9A-41

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)-3- methylbutanamide 9A-42

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- carboxamide

E-II. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is an optionally substituted aryl. Specific examples of compounds within the scope of this aspect of the disclosure correspond to the compounds disclosed in Tables 7A and 9A, or variations thereof as described in A. and E-I. above, in which X₂ is an optionally substituted aryl, including but not limited to pyrazolyl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, oxazolyl, oxazol-2-yl, thiazolyl, thiazol-2-yl, furanyl, furan-2-yl, and 5-methylfuran-2-yl.

E-III. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is an alkynyl group, e.g., ethynyl, 1-prop-1-ynyl, and 3-prop-1-ynyl. Specific examples of compounds within the scope of this aspect of the disclosure correspond to the compounds disclosed in Tables 7A and 9A, or variations thereof as described in A. and E-I. above, in which X₂ is an alkynyl group.

E-IV. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is an amino group, i.e., —NR₁R₂, wherein R₁ and R₂ are each independently H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, or alkylheteroarylalkyl. Specific examples of compounds within the scope of this aspect of the disclosure correspond to the compounds disclosed in Tables 7A and 9A, or variations thereof as described in A. and E-I. above, in which X₂ is an amino group.

F. Compounds of Formula (IA) in Which XA and XB Each Comprise Hydrocarbon

In accordance with another embodiment of the disclosure, the compounds are of Formula (IA) in which Xa, Xb and Xc all comprise hydrocarbon and are connected by two single bonds or one single bond and one double bond. Thus, the compounds of this embodiment can be represented by Formula (4):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

Xa-Xc-Xb is CH₂—CH₂—CH₂, CH═CH—CH₂, or CH₂—CH═CH;

Y is CH₂ or S;

X₄ is hydrogen or halogen;

R is a is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SC₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)—, and/or terminated by —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B), wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; and

X₂ is as disclosed below.

F-I. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is halogen. Table 3A lists specific examples of compounds within this embodiment. In each of the structures as drawn, X₂ is I and X₄ is H. However, corresponding structures in which X₂ is F, Cl, or Br are within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structures in Table 3A, Y is S. However, corresponding structures in which Y is CH₂ and/or X₄ is F, Cl, Br, or I are also within the scope of the disclosure. Additionally, in connection with each of the structures in Table 3A, corresponding structures in which X₂ is F, Cl, or Br and Y is CH₂ are also within the scope of the disclosure.

TABLE 3A Compound No. Structure Name 3A-1 

2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid isopropylamide 3A-2 

2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid ethylamide 3A-3 

2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid methylamide 3A-4 

2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid amide 3A-5 

2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid tert- butylamide 3A-6 

2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid isobutyl- amide 3A-7 

2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethanesulfonic acid cyclopropylamide 3A-8 

Propane-2-sulfonic acid {2- [6-amino-8-(6-iodo-indan-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 3A-9 

Ethanesulfonic acid {2-[6- amino-8-(6-iodo-indan-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 3A-10

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-ethyl}- methanesulfonamide 3A-11

2-Methyl-propane-2-sulfonic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-ethyl}-amide 3A-12

2-Methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-ethyl}-amide 3A-13

2-Methyl-propane-1-sulfonic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-ethyl}-amide 3A-14

Cyclopropanesulfonic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-ethyl}-amide 3A-15

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid isopropylamide 3A-16

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid ethylamide 3A-17

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid methylamide 3A-18

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid amide 3A-19

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid tert- butylamide 3A-20

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid isobutyl-amide 3A-21

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propane-1-sulfonic acid cyclopropylamide 3A-22

Propane-2-sulfonic acid {3- [6-amino-8-(6-iodo- 2,3,3a,7a-tetrahydro-1H- inden-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-propyl}-amide 3A-23

Ethanesulfonic acid {3-[6- amino-8-(6-iodo-indan-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 3A-24

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-propyl}- methanesulfonamide 3A-25

2-Methyl-propane-2-sulfonic acid {3-[6-amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-propyl}-amide 3A-26

2-Methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid {3-[6-amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-propyl}-amide 3A-27

2-Methyl-propane-1-sulfonic acid {3-[6-amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-propyl}-amide 3A-28

Cyclopropanesulfonic acid {3-[6-amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-propyl}-amide 3A-29

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- isopropyl-propionamide 3A-30

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- ethyl-propionamide 3A-31

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- methyl-propionamide 3A-32

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propionamide 3A-33

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- tert-butyl-propionamide 3A-34

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- isobutyl-propionamide 3A-35

3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo-indan- 5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-N- cyclopropyl-propionamide 3A-36

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-ethyl}-propionamide 3A-37

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-ethyl}-propionamide 3A-38

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-ethyl}-acetamide 3A-39

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-ethyl}-2,2-dimethyl- propionamide 3A-40

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-ethyl}-3-methyl- butyramide 3A-41

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-ethyl}-amide 3A-42

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-ethyl}-formamide 3A-43

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6- ethynyl-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propyl}- methanesulfonamide 3A-44

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-propyl}-2,2-dimethyl- propionamide 3A-45

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-propyl}-isobutyramide 3A-46

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid {3-[6-amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-propyl}-amide 3A-47

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-propyl}-2-hydroxy- propionamide 3A-48

Acetic acid 1-{3-[6-amino-8- (6-iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]- propylcarbamoyl}-1-methyl- ethyl ester 3A-49

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-propyl}-2-hydroxy-2- methyl-propionamide

Table 6A lists specific examples in which X₂ is halogen and X₄ is halogen. In each of the structures as drawn, X₂ is I and X₄ is F. However, corresponding structures in which X₄ is H, Cl, Br, or I are within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structures in Table 6A, Y is CH₂. However, corresponding structures in which Y is S and/or X₂ is F, Cl, or Br are also within the scope of the disclosure. Additionally, in connection with each of the structures in Table 6A, corresponding structures in which X₄ is H, Cl, Br, or I and Y is S are also within the scope of the disclosure.

TABLE 6A Compound No. Structure Name 6A-1 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N- isopropylethanesulfonamide 6A-2 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-ehtylethanesulfonamide 6A-3 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-methylethanesulfonamide 6A-4 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethanesulfonamide 6A-5 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-(tert- butyl)ethanesulfonamide 6A-6 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N- isobutylethanesulfonamide 6A-7 

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-cyclopropyl- ethanesulfonamide 6A-8 

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 6A-9 

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9- yl)ethyl)ethanesulfonamide 6A-10

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9- yl)ethyl)methanesulfonamide 6A-11

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfonamide 6A-12

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfinamide 6A-13

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)-2- methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 6A-14

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 6A-15

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 6A-16

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-ethylpropane-1- sulfonamide 6A-17

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 6A-18

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-propanesulfonamide 6A-19

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-(tert-butyl)propane-1- sulfonamide 6A-20

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isobutylpropane-1- sulfonamide 6A-21

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-cyclopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 6A-22

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)propyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 6A-23

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9- yl)propyl)ethanesulfonamide 6A-24

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)propyl)methane- sulfonamide 6A-25

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)propyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfonamide 6A-26

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)propyl)-2- methylpropane-2- sulfinamide 6A-27

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)propyl)-2- methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 6A-28

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9- yl)propyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 6A-29

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isopropylpropanamide 6A-30

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-ethylpropanamide 6A-31

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- methylpropanamide 6A-32

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-propanamide 6A-33

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-(tert-butyl)propanamide 6A-34

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-isobutylpropanamide 6A-35

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden- 5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)- N-cyclopropylpropanamide 6A-36

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6- iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)isobutyramide 6A-37

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9- yl)ethyl)propionamide 6A-38

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)acetamide 6A-39

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)formamide 6A-40

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)pivalamide 6A-41

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)ethyl)-3- methylbutanamide 6A-42

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- carboxamide

Hsp90 binding results are presented for Compounds 3A-10, 3A-11, 3A-12, 3A-24 and 3A-26 in Table 12 below. As can be noted therefrom, all compounds showed a high level of binding affinity.

F-II. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is an optionally substituted aryl. Specific examples of compounds within the scope of this aspect of the disclosure correspond to the compounds disclosed in Tables 3A and 6A, or variations thereof as described in A. and F-I above, in which X₂ is an optionally substituted aryl, including but not limited to pyrazolyl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, oxazolyl, oxazol-2-yl, thiazolyl, thiazol-2-yl, furanyl, furan-2-yl, and 5-methylfuran-2-yl.

F-III. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is an alkynyl group, e.g., ethynyl, 1-prop-1-ynyl, and 3-prop-1-ynyl. Specific examples of compounds within the scope of this aspect of the disclosure correspond to the compounds disclosed in Tables 3A and 6A, or variations thereof as described in A. and F-I. above, in which X₂ is an alkynyl group. Hsp90 binding results are presented for Compound 3A-43 in Table 12 below. As can be noted therefrom, the compound showed a high level of binding affinity.

F-IV. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is an amino group, i.e., —NR₁R₂, wherein R₁ and R₂ are each independently H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, or alkylheteroarylalkyl. Specific examples of compounds within the scope of this aspect of the disclosure correspond to the compounds disclosed in Tables 3A and 6A, or variations thereof as described in A and F-I. above, in which X₂ is an amino group.

G. Compounds of Formula (IA) in Which at Least One of XA and XB is CHF or CF₂

In accordance with another embodiment of the disclosure, the compounds are of Formula (IA) in which at least one of Xa and Xb is CHF or CF₂, the other of Xa and Xb is CHF, CF₂, or CH₂, and Xe is CH₂. Thus, the compounds of this embodiment can be represented by Formula (5):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

at least one of Xa and Xb is CHF or CF₂ and the other is CHF, CF₂, or CH₂;

Y is CH₂, O, or S;

X₄ is hydrogen or halogen;

R is a is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)—, and/or terminated by —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B), wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; and

X₂ is as disclosed below.

In one embodiment, Y is O.

In another embodiment, Y is CH₂ or O

In another embodiment, Y is CH₂ or S.

In another embodiment, Y is O or S.

G-I. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is halogen. Table 8A lists specific examples of compounds within this embodiment. In each of the structures as drawn, X₂ is I and X₄ is H. However, corresponding structures in which X₂ is F, Cl, or Br are within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structures in Table 8A, Y is S. However, corresponding structures in which Y is CH₂ or O and/or X₄ is F, Cl, Br, or I are also within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structures in Table 8A, Xb is CHF and Xa is CH₂. However, corresponding structures in which Xa is CHF and Xb is CH₂, Xa is CF₂ and Xb is CH₂, Xb is CF₂ and Xa is CH₂, Xa is CHF and Xb is CF₂, Xb is CHF and Xa is CF₂, Xa is CHF and Xb is CHF, or Xa is CF₂ and Xb is CF₂ are also within the scope of the disclosure. Additionally, in connection with each of the structures in Table 8A, corresponding structures in which X₂ is F, Cl, or Br, Y is CH₂ or O, and Xa is CHF and Xb is CH₂; Xa is CF₂ and Xb is CH₂, Xb is CF₂ and Xa is CH₂, Xa is CHF and Xb is CF₂, Xb is CHF and Xa is CF₂, Xa is CHF and Xb is CHF, or Xa is CF₂ and Xb is CF₂ are also within the scope of the disclosure.

TABLE 8A Compound No. Structure Name 8A-1

2-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethanesulfonic acid isopropylamide 8A-2

2-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethanesulfonic acid ethylamide 8A-3

2-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethanesulfonic acid methylamide 8A-4

2-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethanesulfonic acid amide 8A-5

2-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethanesulfonic acid tert-butylamide 8A-6

2-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethanesulfonic acid isobutyl-amide 8A-7

2-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethanesulfonic acid cyclopropylamide 8A-8

Propane-2-sulfonic acid {2- [6-amino-8-(3-fluoro-6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-ethyl}-amide 8A-9

Ethanesulfonic acid {2-[6- amino-8-(3-fluoro-6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-ethyl}-amide 8A-10

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro- 6-iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethyl}- methanesulfonamide 8A-11

2-Methyl-propane-2-sulfonic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(3- fluoro-6-iodo-indan-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 8A-12

2-Methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(3- fluoro-6-iodo-indan-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 8A-13

2-Methyl-propane-1-sulfonic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(3- fluoro-6-iodo-indan-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- ethyl}-amide 8A-14

Cyclopropanesulfonic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethyl}-amide 8A-15

3-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propane-1- sulfonic acid isopropylamide 8A-16

3-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propane-1- sulfonic acid ethylamide 8A-17

3-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propane-1- sulfonic acid methylamide 8A-18

3-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propane-1- sulfonic acid amide 8A-19

3-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propane-1- sulfonic acid tert-butylamide 8A-20

3-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propane-1- sulfonic acid isobutyl-amide 8A-21

3-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propane-1- sulfonic acid cyclopropylamide 8A-22

Propane-2-sulfonic acid {3- [6-amino-8-(3-fluoro-6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-propyl}-amide 8A-23

Ethanesulfonic acid {3-[6- amino-8-(3-fluoro-6-iodo- indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9- yl]-propyl}-amide 8A-24

N-{3-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro- 6-iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propyl}- methanesulfonamide 8A-25

2-Methyl-propane-2-sulfonic acid {3-[6-amino-8-(3- fluoro-6-iodo-indan-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 8A-26

2-Methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid {3-[6-amino-8-(3- fluoro-6-iodo-indan-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 8A-27

2-Methyl-propane-1-sulfonic acid {3-[6-amino-8-(3- fluoro-6-iodo-indan-5- ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]- propyl}-amide 8A-28

Cyclopropanesulfonic acid {3-[6-amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propyl}-amide 8A-29

3-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-N-isopropyl- propionamide 8A-30

3-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-N-ethyl- propionamide 8A-31

3-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-N-methyl- propionamide 8A-32

3-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-propionamide 8A-33

3-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-N-tert-butyl- propionamide 8A-34

3-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-N-isobutyl- propionamide 8A-35

3-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro-6- iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-N-cyclopropyl- propionamide 8A-36

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro- 6-iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethyl}- isobutyramide 8A-37

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro- 6-iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethyl}- propionamide 8A-38

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro- 6-iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethyl}-acetamide 8A-39

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro- 6-iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethyl}-2,2- dimethyl-propionamide 8A-40

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro- 6-iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethyl}-3-methyl- butyramide 8A-41

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(3-fluoro- 6-iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethyl}-amide 8A-42

N-{2-[6-Amino-8-(3-fluoro- 6-iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)- purin-9-yl]-ethyl}- formamide

Table 10A lists specific examples in which X₂ is halogen and X₄ is halogen. In each of the structures as drawn, X₂ is I and X₄ is F. However, corresponding structures in which X₄ is H, Cl, Br, or I are within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structures in Table 10A, Y is CH₂. However, corresponding structures in which Y is S or O and/or X₂ is F, Cl, or Br are also within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structure in Table 10A, Xb is CHF and Xa is CH₂. However, corresponding structures in which Xa is CHF and Xb is CH₂, Xa is CF₂ and Xb is CH₂, Xb is CF₂ and Xa is CH₂, Xa is CHF and Xb is CF₂, Xb is CHF and Xa is CF₂, Xa is CHF and Xb is CHF, or Xa is CF₂ and Xb is CF₂ are also within the scope of the disclosure. Additionally, in connection with each of the structures in Table 10A, corresponding structures in which X₄ is H, Cl, Br, or I, Y is S or O, and Xa is CHF and Xb is CH₂, Xa is CF₂, and Xb is CH₂, Xb is CF₂ and Xa is CH₂, Xa is CHF and Xb is CF₂, Xb is CHF and Xa is CF₂, Xa is CHF and Xb is CHF, or Xa is CF₂ and Xb is CF₂ are also within the scope of the disclosure.

TABLE 10A Compound No. Structure Name 10A-1

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- isopropylethanesulfonamide 10A-2

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- ethylethanesulfonamide 10A-3

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- methylethanesulfonamide 10A-4

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9- yl)ethanesulfonamide 10A-5

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N-(tert-butyl) ethanesulfonamide 10A-6

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- isobutylethanesulfonamide 10A-7

2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N-cyclopropyl- ethanesulfonamide 10A-8

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 10A-9

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)ethanesulfonamide 10A-10

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl) ethyl)methanesulfonamide 10A-11

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 2-sulfonamide 10A-12

NN-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 2-sulfinamide 10A-13

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane- 1-sulfonamide 10A-14

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 10A-15

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- isopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 10A-16

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N-ethylpropane- 1-sulfonamide 10A-17

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 10A-18

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)propane-1- sulfonamide 10A-19

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N-(tert-butyl) propane-1-sulfonamide 10A-20

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- isobutylpropane-1- sulfonamide 10A-21

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- cyclopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 10A-22

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 10A-23

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl) propyl)ethanesulfonamide 10A-24

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)methane- sulfonamide 10A-25

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl) propyl)-2-methylpropane- 2-sulfonamide 10A-26

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl) propyl)-2-methylpropane- 2-sulfinamide 10A-27

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl) propyl)-2-methylpropane- 1-sulfonamide 10A-28

N-(3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 10A-29

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- isopropylpropanamide 10A-30

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- ethylpropanamide 10A-31

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- methylpropanamide 10A-32

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)propanamide 10A-33

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N-(tert- butyl)propanamide 10A-34

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- isobutylpropanamide 10A-35

3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((3- fluoro-6-iodo-2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-5-yl)methyl)-9H- purin-9-yl)-N- cyclopropylpropanamide 10A-36

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)isobutyramide 10A-37

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)propionamide 10A-38

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)acetamide 10A-39

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)formamide 10A-40

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)pivalamide 10A-41

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-3- methylbutanamide 10A-42

N-(2-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8- ((3-fluoro-6-iodo-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-5- yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- carboxamide

G-II. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is an optionally substituted aryl. Specific examples of compounds within the scope of this aspect of the disclosure correspond to the compounds disclosed in Tables 8A and 10A, or variations thereof as described in A., G. and G-I. above, in which X₂ is an optionally substituted aryl, including but not limited to pyrazolyl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, oxazolyl, oxazol-2-yl, thiazolyl, thiazol-2-yl, furanyl, furan-2-yl, and 5-methylfuran-2-yl.

G-III. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is an alkynyl group, e.g., ethynyl, 1-prop-1-ynyl, and 3-prop-1-ynyl. Specific examples of compounds within the scope of this aspect of the disclosure correspond to the compounds disclosed in Tables 8A and 10A, or variations thereof as described in A., G. and G-I. above, in which X₂ is an alkynyl group.

G-IV. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is an amino group, i.e., —NR₁R₂, wherein R₁ and R₂ are each independently H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, or alkylheteroarylalkyl. Specific examples of compounds within the scope of the aspect of the disclosure correspond to the compounds disclosed in Tables 8A and 10A, or variations thereof as described in A., G. and G-I. above, in which X₂ is an amino group.

H. Compounds of Formula (IB) in Which XA and XB are Each O

In accordance with another embodiment of the disclosure, the compounds are of Formula (IB) in which each of Xa and Xb are O and each of Xc and Xd are CH₂. Thus, the compounds of this embodiment can be represented by Formula (6):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

Y is CH₂, O, or S;

X₄ is hydrogen or halogen;

R is a is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)—, and/or terminated by —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B), wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; and

X₂ is as disclosed below.

In one embodiment, Y is O.

In another embodiment, Y is CH₂ or O

In another embodiment, Y is CH₂ or S.

In another embodiment, Y is O or S.

H-I. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is halogen. Table 11A lists specific examples of compounds within this embodiment. In each of the structures as drawn, X₂ is I and X₄ is H. However, corresponding structures in which X₂ is F, Cl, or Br are within the scope of the disclosure. In each of the structures in Table 11A, Y is S. However, corresponding structures in which Y is CH or O and/or X₄ is F, Cl, Br, or I are also within the scope of the disclosure. Additionally, in connection with each of the structures in Table 11A, corresponding structures in which X₂ is F, Cl, or Br and Y is CH₂ or O are also within the scope of the disclosure.

TABLE 11A Compound No. Structure Name 11A-1

2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- isopropylethanesulfonamide 11A-2

2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- ethylethanesulfonamide 11A-3

2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- methylethanesulfonamide 11A-4

2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethanesulfonamide 11A-5

2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- (tert-butyl)ethanesulfonamide 11A-6

2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- isobutylethanesulfonamide 11A-7

2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- cyclopropyl- ethanesulfonamide 11A-8

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 11A-9

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)ethanesulfonamide 11A-10

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)methanesulfonamide 11A-11

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane-2- sulfonamide 11A-12

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane-2- sulfinamide 11A-13

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane-1- sulfonamide 11A-14

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 11A-15

3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- isopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 11A-16

3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- ethylpropane-1-sulfonamide 11A-17

3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- methylpropane-1-sulfonamide 11A-18

3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propane-1-sulfonamide 11A-19

3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- (tert-butyl)propane-1- sulfonamide 11A-20

3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- isobutylpropane-1- sulfonamide 11A-21

3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- cyclopropylpropane-1- sulfonamide 11A-22

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)propane-2- sulfonamide 11A-23

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)ethanesulfonamide 11A-24

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)methane- sulfonamide 11A-25

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)-2-methylpropane- 2-sulfonamide 11A-26

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)-2-methylpropane- 2-sulfinamide 11A-27

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)-2-methylpropane- 1-sulfonamide 11A-28

N-(3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propyl)cyclopropane- sulfonamide 11A-29

3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- isopropylpropanamide 11A-30

3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- ethylpropanamide 11A-31

3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- methylpropanamide 11A-32

3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)propanamide 11A-33

3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- (tert-butyl)propanamide 11A-34

3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- isobutylpropanamide 11A-35

3-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N- cyclopropylpropanamide 11A-36

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)isobutyramide 11A-37

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)propionamide 11A-38

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)acetamide 11A-39

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)pivalamide 11A-40

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)-3-methylbutanamide 11A-41

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)cyclopropane- carboxamide 11A-42

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((7-iodo-2,3- dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin- 6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9- yl)ethyl)formamide

H-II. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is an optionally substituted aryl. Specific examples of compounds within the scope of this aspect of the disclosure correspond to the compounds disclosed in Table 11A, or variations thereof as described in A., H. and H-I. above, in which X₂ is an optionally substituted aryl, including but not limited to pyrazolyl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, oxazolyl, oxazol-2-yl, thiazolyl, thiazol-2-yl, furanyl, furan-2-yl, and 5-methylfuran-2-yl.

H-II. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is an alkynyl group, e.g., ethynyl, 1-prop-1-ynyl, and 3-prop-1-ynyl. Specific examples of compounds within the scope of this aspect of the disclosure correspond to the compounds disclosed in Table 11A, or variations thereof as described in A., H. and H-I. above, in which X₂ is an alkynyl group.

H-IV. In some embodiments of the disclosure, X₂ is an amino group, i.e., —NR₁R₂, wherein R₁ and R₂ are each independently H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, or alkylheteroarylalkyl. Specific examples of compounds within the scope of tins aspect of the disclosure correspond to the compounds disclosed in Table 11A, or variations thereof as described in A., H. and H-I. above, in which X₂ is an amino group.

J. Additional Embodiments

Each of the following embodiments relates to the compounds of Formulae (IA) and (IB) and, particularly, to each of the appropriate embodiments C-1 through H-IV of the compounds of Formulae (1) through (6).

In one embodiment, Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, Y is S.

In another embodiment, X₄ is H. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen. In another embodiment, X₄ is F, Cl, or Br. In another embodiment, X₄ is F, Cl, or I. In another embodiment, X₄ is F, Br, or I. In another embodiment, X₄ is Cl, Br, or I. In another embodiment, X₄ is F or I. In another embodiment, X₄ is F or Br. In another embodiment, X₄ is F or Cl. In another embodiment, X₄ is Cl or I. In another embodiment, X₄ is Cl or Br. In another embodiment, X₄ is Br or I. In another embodiment, X₄ is I. In another embodiment, X₄ is Cl. In another embodiment, X₄ is Br. In another embodiment, X₄ is I. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, F, Cl, or Br. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, F, Cl, or I. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, F, Br, or I. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, Cl, Br, or I. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, F, or I. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, F, or Br. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, F, or Cl. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, Cl, or I. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, Cl, or Br. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, Br, or I. In another embodiment, X₄ is H or F. In another embodiment, X₄ is H or Cl. In another embodiment, X₄ is H or Br. In another embodiment, X₄ is H or I.

In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, aryl, or alkynyl. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, aryl, or amino. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, alkynyl, or amino. In another embodiment, X₂ is aryl, alkynyl, or amino. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen or amino. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen or alkynyl. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen or aryl. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen. In another embodiment, X₂ is aryl. In another embodiment, X₂ is alkynyl. In another embodiment, X₂ is amino. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, heteroaryl, alkynyl, or amino. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, heteroaryl, or alkynyl. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, heteroaryl, or amino. In another embodiment, X₂ is heteroaryl, alkynyl, or amino. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen or heteroaryl. In another embodiment, X₂ is heteroaryl. In another embodiment, X₂ is alkyl-substituted heteroaryl. In another embodiment, X₂ is C₁-C₆ alkyl-substituted heteroaryl. In another embodiment, X₂ is methyl-, ethyl-, n-propyl-, or isopropyl-substituted heteroaryl. In another embodiment, X₂ is methyl- or ethyl-substituted heteroaryl. In another embodiment, X₂ is methyl-substituted heteroaryl. In another embodiment, X₂ is ethyl-substituted heteroaryl.

In another embodiment, X₂ is F, Cl, or Br. In another embodiment, X₂ is F, Cl, or I. In another embodiment, X₂ is F, Br, or I. In another embodiment, X₂ is Cl, Br, or I. In another embodiment, X₂ is F or I. In another embodiment, X₂ is F or Br. In another embodiment, X₂ is F or Cl. In another embodiment, X₂ is Cl or I. In another embodiment, X₂ is Cl or Br. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br or I. In another embodiment, X₂ is F. In another embodiment, X₂ is Cl. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br. In another embodiment, X₂ is I.

In another embodiment, X₂ is optionally substituted heteroaryl. In another embodiment, X₂ is unsubstituted heteroaryl. In another embodiment, X₂ is furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, thiophene-2-yl, thiophene-3-yl, 1H-imidazo-2-yl, 1H-imidazo-4-yl, or 1H-imidazo-5-yl. In another embodiment, X₂ is furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, oxazol-2-yl, or 5-methyloxazol-2-yl. In another embodiment, X₂ is furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, or 5-methylfuran-2-yl. In another embodiment, X₂ is 1H-pyrazol-2-yl or 1H-pyrazol-3-yl. In another embodiment, X₂ is thiazol-2-yl or 5-methylthiazol-2-yl. In another embodiment, X₂ is oxazol-2-yl or 5-methyloxazol-2-yl. In another embodiment, X₂ is thiophene-2-yl, thiophene-3-yl, 1H-imidazo-2-yl, 1H-imidazo-4-yl, or 1H-imidazo-5-yl. In another embodiment, X₂ is thiophene-2-yl or thiophen-3-yl. In another embodiment, X₂ is 1H-imidazo-2-yl, 1H-imidazo-4-yl, or 1H-imidazo-5-yl.

In another embodiment, X₂ is ethynyl, propynyl, or butynyl. In another embodiment, X₂ is ethynyl or propynyl. In another embodiment, X₂ is ethynyl or butynyl. In another embodiment, X₂ is propynyl or butynyl. In another embodiment, X₂ is ethynyl. In another embodiment, X₂ is propynyl. In another embodiment, X₂ is butynyl.

In another embodiment, X₂ is dimethylamino, diethylamino, methylethylamino, or cyclopropylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is dimethylamino, diethylamino, or cyclopropylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is dimethylamino, methylethylamino, or cyclopropylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is diethylamino, methylethylamino, or cyclopropylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is dimethylamino or diethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is dimethylamino or methylethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is dimethylamino or cyclopropylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is diethylamino or methylethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is diethylamino or cyclopropylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is methylethylamino or cyclopropylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is dimethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is diethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is methylethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is cyclopropylamino.

In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, I, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, propynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino.

In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, aryl, or alkynyl and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, aryl, or amino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, alkynyl, or amino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is aryl, alkynyl, or amino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen or amino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen or alkynyl and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen or aryl and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is aryl and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is alkynyl and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is amino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, heteroaryl, alkynyl, or amino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, heteroaryl, or alkynyl and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, heteroaryl, or amino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is heteroaryl, alkynyl, or amino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen or heteroaryl and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is heteroaryl and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is alkyl-substituted heteroaryl and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is C₁-C₆ alkyl-substituted heteroaryl and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is methyl-, ethyl-, n-propyl-, or isopropyl-substituted heteroaryl and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is methyl- or ethyl-substituted heteroaryl and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is methyl-substituted heteroaryl and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is ethyl-substituted heteroaryl and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, I, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, propynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is 1, H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino and Y is S.

In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, aryl, or alkynyl and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, aryl, or amino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, alkynyl, or amino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is aryl, alkynyl, or amino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen or amino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen or alkynyl and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen or aryl and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is aryl and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is alkynyl and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is amino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, heteroaryl, alkynyl, or amino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, heteroaryl, or alkynyl and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, heteroaryl, or amino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is heteroaryl, alkynyl, or amino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen or heteroaryl and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is heteroaryl and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is alkyl-substituted heteroaryl and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is C₁-C₆ alkyl-substituted heteroaryl and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is methyl-, ethyl-, n-propyl-, or isopropyl-substituted heteroaryl and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is methyl- or ethyl-substituted heteroaryl and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is methyl-substituted heteroaryl and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is ethyl-substituted heteroaryl and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, I, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, propynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino sand Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is I thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino and Y is CH₂.

In another embodiment, X₄ is H and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is halogen and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is F, Cl, or Br and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is F, Cl, or I and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is F, Br, or I and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is Cl, Br, or I and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is F or I and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is F or Br and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is F or Cl and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is Cl or I and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is Cl or Br and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is Br or I and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is F and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is Cl and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is Br and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is I and Y is S.

In another embodiment, X₄ is H, F, Cl, or Dr and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, F, Cl, or I and Y is S. In anther embodiment, X₄ is H, F, Br, or I and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, Cl, Br, or I and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, F, or I and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, F, or Br and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, F, or Cl and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, Cl, or I and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, Cl, or Br and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, Br, or I and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is H or F and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is H or C and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is H or Br and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₄ is H or I and Y is S.

In another embodiment, X₄ is H and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is halogen and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is F, Cl, or Br and Y is CH₃. In another embodiment, X₄ is F, Cl, or I and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is F, Br, or I and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is Cl, Br, or I and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is F or I and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is F or Br and Y is CH. In another embodiment, X₄ is F or Cl and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is Cl or I and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is Cl or Br and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is Br or I and Y is CH. In another embodiment, X₄ is F and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is Cl and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is Br and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is I and Y is CH₂.

In another embodiment, X₄ is H, F, Cl, or Br and Y is CH₃. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, F, Cl, or I and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, F, Br, or I and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, Cl, Br, or I and Y is CH. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, F, or I and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, F, or Br and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, F, or Cl and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, Cl, or I and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, Cl, or Br and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is H, Br, or I and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is H or F and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is H or Cl and Y is CH₃. In another embodiment, X₄ is H or Br and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₄ is H or I and Y is CH₂.

In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, aryl, or alkynyl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, aryl, or amino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, alkynyl, or amino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is aryl, alkynyl, or amino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen or amino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen or alkynyl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen or aryl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is 5. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is aryl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is alkynyl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is amino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, heteroaryl, alkynyl, or amino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, heteroaryl, or alkynyl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, heteroaryl, or amino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is heteroaryl, alkynyl, or amino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen or heteroaryl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is heteroaryl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is alkyl-substituted heteroaryl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is C₂-C₆ alkyl-substituted heteroaryl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is methyl-, ethyl-, n-propyl-, or isopropyl-substituted heteroaryl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment X₂ is methyl- or ethyl-substituted heteroaryl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is methyl-substituted heteroaryl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is ethyl-substituted heteroaryl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, I, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, propynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is S.

In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, aryl, or alkynyl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, aryl, or amino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, alkynyl, or amino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is aryl, alkynyl, or amino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen or amino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen or alkynyl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen or aryl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, Xa is halogen, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is aryl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is alkynyl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is amino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, heteroaryl, alkynyl, or amino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, heteroaryl, or alkynyl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen, heteroaryl, or amino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is heteroaryl, alkynyl, or amino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is halogen at heteroaryl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is heteroaryl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is alkyl-substituted heteroaryl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is C₁-C₆ alkyl-substituted heteroaryl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is methyl-, ethyl-, n-propyl-, or isopropyl-substituted heteroeryl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is methyl- or ethyl-substituted heteroaryl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is methyl-substituted heteroeryl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂, In another embodiment, X₂ is ethyl-substituted heteroaryl, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, I, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, thiazol-2-, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, propynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, S-methylfuran-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethyl amino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is 1, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, dimethylamino, diethylamino, or methylethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is I, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂. In another embodiment, X₂ is Br, oxazol-2-yl, 5-methyloxazol-2-yl, ethynyl, or dimethylamino, X₄ is H or F, and Y is CH₂.

In connection with each of the R groups containing a sulfonamide structure, the corresponding structure in which the sulfonamide has the reverse orientation or in which R contains a sulfonamide or an amide (each of either orientation) is within the scope of the disclosure as if each was specifically disclosed herein. In connection with each of the R groups containing a sulfinamide structure, the corresponding structure in which the sulfinamide has the reverse orientation or in which R contains a sulfonamide or an amide (each of either orientation) is within the scope of the disclosure as if each was specifically disclosed herein. In connection with each of the R groups containing an amide structure, the corresponding structure in which the amide has the reverse orientation or in which R contains a sulfonamide or a sulfinamide (each of either orientation) is within the scope of the disclosure as if each was specifically disclosed herein. Thus, by way of example, in each instance the disclosure of a compound in which the R group contains an —SO₂N(R_(A))— structure should also be considered as a disclosure of a compound in which the R group contains an —NR_(A)SO₂—, —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)— structure in place of the —SO₂N(R_(A))— structure.

Specific R groups include without limitation: 2-ethanesulfonic acid isopropylamide, i.e.,

2-ethanesulfonic acid ethylamide, i.e.,

2-ethanesulfonic acid methylamide, i.e.,

2-ethanesulfonic acid amide, i.e.,

2-ethanesulfonic acid t-butylamide, i.e.,

2-ethanesulfonic acid isobutylamide, i.e.,

2-ethanesulfonic acid cyclopropylamide, i.e.,

isopropanesulfonic acid 2-ethylamide, i.e.,

ethanesulfonic acid 2-ethylamide, i.e.,

N-2 ethyl methanesulfonamide, i.e.,

2-methyl-propane-2-sulfonic acid 2-ethylamide, i.e.,

2-methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid 2-ethylamide, i.e.,

2-methyl-propane-1-sulfonic acid 2-ethylamide, i.e.,

cyclopropanesufonic acid 2-ethylamide, i.e.,

3-propane-1-sulfonic acid isopropylamide, i.e.,

3-propane-1-sulfonic acid ethylamide, i.e.,

3-propane-1-sulfonic acid methylamide i.e.,

3-propane-1-sulfonic acid amide, i.e.,

3-propane-1-sulfonic acid t-butylamide, i.e.,

3-propane-1-sulfonic acid isobutylamide, i.e.,

3-propane-1-sulfonic acid cyclopropylamide, i.e.,

propane-2-sulfonic acid 3-propylamide, i.e.,

ethanesulfonic acid 3-propylamide, i.e.,

N-3-propyl methanesulfonamide, i.e.,

2-methyl-propane-2-sulfonic acid 3-propylamide, i.e.,

2-methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid 3-propylamide, i.e.,

2-methyl-propane-1-sulfonic acid 3-propylamide, i.e.,

cyclopropanesulfonic acid 3-propylamide, i.e.,

3-N-isopropyl propionamide, i.e.,

3-N-ethyl propionamide, i.e.,

3-N-methyl propionamide, i.e.,

3-propionamide, i.e.,

3-N-t-buty propionamide, i.e.,

3-N-isobutyl propionamide, i.e.,

3-N-cyclopropyl propionamide, i.e.,

N-2-ethyl isobutyramide, i.e.,

N-2-ethyl propionamide, i.e.,

N-2-ethyl acetamide, i.e.,

N-2-ethyl formamide, i.e.,

N-2-ethyl 2,2-dimethyl-propionamide, i.e.,

N-2-ethyl 3-methylbutyramide, i.e.,

cyclopropane carboxylic acid 2-ethyl-amide, i.e.,

cyclopropane carboxylic acid 3-propyl-amide, i.e.,

N-3-propyl 2,2-dimethyl-propionamide, i.e.,

N-propyl-2-methyl-propane-2-sulfinamide, i.e.,

and t-butanesulfonic acid 3-propylamide, i.e.,

In connection with each of the X₄ groups of the structures disclosed herein, a corresponding structure in which X₄ is hydrogen, a fluoro group, or other halogen is within the scope of the disclosure as if each was specifically disclosed herein.

In a further aspect of the invention, each of the compounds described above can be made as a precursor compound in which X₂ is a leaving group which can be replaced by iodine for use as a radiolabel, for example ¹²⁴I or ¹³¹I, useful as imaging tools. Exemplary leaving groups include without limitation trialkyl tin, for example trimethyl, or tributyl tin, trialkyl silicon, trialkyl geranium, or fluorus analogs of trialkyl tin such as —Sn(CH₂CH₂(CF₂)₅CF₃)₃, aryl boronic acids, thalium trifluroacetates, triazines, and metallated arenes. Techniques for radioiodination are well known in the art, for example from Seevers, et al. Chem. Rev., 1982, 82 (6), pp 575-590 and McIntee et al., J. Org. Chem. 2008, 73, 8236-8243 which are incorporated herein by reference.

The precursor compound in which X₂ is a leaving group are provided as reagents or in kits for addition of a radiolabeled X₂ substituent, for example ¹²⁴I or ¹³¹I in the time immediately prior to use as an imaging marker. The precursor is readily shipped and stored prior to use since it is not itself radioactive, but it is readily converted to the labeled imaging marker.

In another embodiment a pharmaceutical composition is formed from a Compound of Formulae (IA) or (IB) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier by a method known in the art. Thus, another embodiment relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a Compound of Formulae (IA) or (IB) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Such a composition is useful for treating or preventing cancer or a neurodegenerative disorder, e.g., in a patient in need thereof.

Another embodiment relates to a method for treating or preventing cancer or a neurodegenerative disorder, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a Compound of Formulae (IA) and/or (IB). Another embodiment relates to a method for treating or preventing cancer or a neurodegenerative disorder, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a Compound of Formulae (IA) and/or (IB). Another embodiment relates to a method for treating cancer or a neurodegenerative disorder, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a Compound of Formulae (IA) and/or (IB). Another embodiment relates to a method for treating cancer or a neurodegenerative disorder, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a Compound of Formulae (IA) and/or (IB). Another embodiment relates to a method for preventing cancer or a neurodegenerative disorder, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a Compound of Formulae (IA) and/or (IB). Another embodiment relates to a method for preventing cancer or a neurodegenerative disorder, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a Compound of Formulae (IA) and/or (IB). Another embodiment relates to the use of a Compound of Formula (IA) or (IB) in the manufacture of a medicament useful for treating cancer or a neurodegenerative disorder or for preventing cancer or a neurodegenerative disorder.

Another embodiment relates to a method for the inhibition of Hsp90, comprising contacting Hsp90 with an Hsp90 function inhibiting amount of a Compound of Formulae (IA) or (IB). An exemplary determination of an Hsp90 function inhibiting amount is provided in the example below entitled “Hsp90 Binding Assay” In one embodiment, the IC₅₀ determined by the “Hsp90 Binding Assay” provided herein is less than 10 μM. In another embodiment, the IC₅₀ determined by the “Hsp90 Binding Assay” provided herein is less than 1 μM. In another embodiment, the IC₅₀ determined by the “Hsp90 Binding Assay” provided herein is ≤0.1 μM. Another embodiment relates to the use of a Compound of Formulae (IA) or (IB) in formulating a pharmaceutical composition for the inhibition of Hsp90.

The following examples are set forth to assist in understanding the invention and should not be construed as specifically limiting the invention as described and claimed herein. Variations of the invention, including the substitution of all equivalents now known or later developed, that would be within the purview of those in the art, and changes in formulation or changes in experimental design, are to be considered to fall within the scope of the invention Incorporated herein.

EXAMPLES

Certain examples below relate to the synthesis of illustrative compounds of the disclosure.

Synthetic Methods:

-M₁-M₂-R is —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B), wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl.

General Methods:

¹H and ¹³C NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker 500 MHz instrument. Chemical shifts are reported in δ values in ppm downfield from TMS as the internal standard. ¹H data are reported as follows: chemical shift, multiplicity (a=singlet, d=doublet, t=triplet, q=quartet, br=broad, m=multiplet), coupling constant (Hz), integration. ¹³C chemical shifts are reported in δ values in ppm downfield from TMS as the internal standard. High resolution mass spectra were recorded on a Waters LCT Premier system. Low resolution mass spectra were obtained on a Waters Acquity Ultra Performance LC with electrospray ionization and SQ detector. High-performance liquid chromatography analyses were performed on a Waters Autopurification system with PDA, MicroMass ZQ, and ELSD detector, and a reversed phase column (Waters X-Bridge C18, 4.6×150 mm, 5 μm).

N-(3-(6-amino-8-(6-iodo-benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl)-propyl)-methanesulfonamide (WS34)

To a solution of 2-bromoethaneamomium bromide (2 g, 9.8 mmol) in 60 mL of CH₂Cl₂ was added triethylamine (3.4 mL, 24.4 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at a temperature of about 25° C. for 30 min, then cooled down at 0° C., methanesulfonic chloride (0.83 mL, 10.7 mmol) was added dropwise, kept stirring for 1 hr and allowed to warm up to a temperature of about 25° C. and stirred for about 16 hours. The resulting mixture was condensed and dried under reduced pressure to provide N-(2-bromoethyl)methanesulfonamide without further purification. N-(3-bromopropyl)methanesulfonamide was prepared in a similar manner.

To a solution of 8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-6-amine (150 mg, 0.36 mmol) in 10 mL of dry DMF was added N-(3-bromopropyl)methanesulfonamide (300 mg, 1.4 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (190 mg, 0.58 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at a temperature of about 25° C. for 3 hrs, condensed under reduced pressure and purified by flash chromatography to provide compound WS34 as white solid (49 mg, 25% yield).

¹H NMR (500 MHz, MeOH-d₄/CDC₃, δ): 8.21 (s, 1H), 7.41 (s, 1H), 7.10 (s, 1H), 6.08 (s, 2H), 4.34 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.16 (t, J=6.5 Hz, 2H), 2.96 (s, 3H), 2.09 (m, 2H).

HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calc'd. for C₁₄H₁₈IN₆S₂=548.9876; found 548.9858.

N-(2-(6-amino-8-(6-iodo-benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-ylsulfany)-purin-9-yl)-ethyl)-methanesulfonamide (WS35)

To a solution of 8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-6-amine (100 mg, 0.24 mmol) in 5 mL of dry DMF was added N-(2-bromoethyl)methanesulfonamide (150 mg, 0.7 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (150 mg, 0.46 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at a temperature of about 25° C. for 3 hrs, condensed under reduced pressure and purified by flash chromatography to provide compound WS35 as white solid (35 mg, 27% yield).

¹H NMR (500 MHz, MeOH-d₄/CDCl₃, δ): 8.19 (s, 1H), 7.41 (s, 1H), 7.18 (s, 1H), 6.07 (s, 2H), 4.23 (m, 2H), 3.65 (m, 2H), 2.97 (s, 3H).

HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calc'd. for CH₁₅H₁₆IN₆O₄S₂=534.9719; found 534.9709.

5-Amino-6-nitro-indane (S-2)

A solution of 5-aminoindane (S-1; 10 g, 75 mmol) in 100 mL of dioxane cooled in ice bath was added acetic anhydride (15 mL) dropwise and kept stirring at a temperature of about 25° C. for 2 days. The resulting mixture was condensed and dried under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in 100 mL of concentrated H₂SO₄, cooled in ice bath. KNO₃ in 15 mL of concentrated H₃SO₄ was added dropwise. The resulting solution was stirred at 0° C. for 2 h and then at a temperature of about 25° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was poured into 150 g of ice and the resulting yellow precipitate was filtered and washed with cold water to provide S-2 (7.1 g, 43% yield).

¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 7.94 (s, 1H), 6.65 (s, 1H), 6.02 (br, 2H), 2.83 (m, 4H), 2.06 (m, 2H).

¹³C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 154.4, 144.2, 134.1, 131.2, 120.8, 113.5, 33.1, 31.4, 25.7.

5-Iodo-6-nitro-indane (S-3)

To a solution of S-2 (0.14 g, 0.78 mmol) in acetic acid cooled in ice bath was added NaNO₂ (65 mg, 0.94 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 minutes. KI (0.39 g, 2.45 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred at a temperature of about 25° C. for 20 minutes. The resulting suspension was quenched with water (15 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2×20 mL). The organic layer was washed with saturated aqueous Na₂S₂O₃ solution, washed with brine and dried over MgSO₄ and evaporated to dryness to provide a residue that was purified by flash chromatography (ethyl acetate/hexane, gradient 0% to 50%) to provide S-3 (0.12 g, 65% yield) as a yellow solid.

¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 7.83 (s, 1H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 2.95 (m, 4H), 2.11 (m, 2H).

5-Amino-6-iodo-indane (S-4)

To a solution of S-3 (1.65 g, 5.7 mmol) in isopropanol (100 mL) and saturated aqueous NH₄Cl solution (20 mL) was added iron powder (1.1 g). The resulting suspension was refluxed for 1 h. The reaction mixture was filtered and the filtrate was condensed and purified by flash chromatography (ethyl acetate/hexane, gradient 0% to 50%) to provide S-4 (1.36 g, 92% yield) as a pale yellow solid.

¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 7.44 (s, 1H), 6.59 (s, 1H), 3.88 (s, 2H), 2.74 (m, 4H), 1.98 (m, 2H).

¹³C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 146.2, 144.9, 136.5, 134.1, 111.0, 32.8, 31.8, 26.1.

MS (ESI): m/z=259.99 [M+H]⁺.

8-((6-Amino-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-5-yl)thio)-9-H-purin-6-amine (S-5)

The mixture of 8-mercaptoadenine (64 mg, 0.38 mmol), S-4 (100 mg, 0.38 mmol), CuI (14.7 mg, 0.07 mmol), sodium t-butoxide (111 mg, 1.15 mmol) and tetrabutylammonium bromide (249 mg, 0.07 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (4 mL) was vortexed and heated at 190° C. under microwave for 1 h. The resulting mixture was condensed and purified by flash chromatography (methylene chloride/methanol, gradient 0% to 10%) to provide S-5 (54 mg, 47% yield) as a while solid.

¹H NMR (500 MHz, MeOH-d₄/CDCl₃, δ): 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.36 (s, 1H), 6.81 (s, 1H), 2.85 (m, 4H), 2.06 (m, 2H).

MS (ESI): m/z=299.02 [M+H]⁺.

8-((6-Iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-5-yl)thio)-9-H-purin-6-amine (S-6)

To a solution of S-5 (54 mg, 0.18 mmol) in acetic acid (5 mL) cooled in ice bath was added NaNO₂ (15 mg, 0.22 mmol) followed by KI (90 mg, 0.54 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 15 min and quenched with water (10 mL). The resulting mixture was extracted with methylene chloride (2×20 mL). The organic layer was washed with saturated aqueous Na₂₂S₂O₃, washed with brine, dried over MgSO₄ and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (methylene chloride/ethanol, gradient 0% to 10%) to provide S-6 (42 mg, 56% yield) as a white solid.

¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.84 (s, 1H), 7.39 (s, 1H), 2.91 (m, 4H), 2.11 (m, 2H).

MS (ESI): m/z=410.10 [M+H]⁺.

N-(3-(6-amino-8-(6-iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl)-propyl)-methanesulfonamide (WS36)

To a solution of S-6 (50 mg, 0.12 mmol) in 3 mL of dry DMF was added N-(3-bromopropyl)methanesulfonamide (200 mg, 0.9 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (100 mg, 0.31 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at a temperature of about 25° C. for about 16 hours, condensed under reduced pressure and purified by flash chromatography to provide compound WS36 as a white solid (30 mg, 30% yield).

¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 8.33 (s, 1H), 7.78 (s, 1H), 7.17 (s, 1H), 5.89 (br, 2H), 4.37 (t, J=6.2 Hz, 2H), 2.99 (q, 2H), 2.90 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.81 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.08 (m, 2H), 1.94 (m, 2H).

¹³C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 154.7, 153.0, 151.9, 147.6, 146.6, 136.1, 132.6, 127.9, 119.9, 98.4, 40.7, 40.2, 39.1, 32.5, 32.3, 30.3, 25.5.

HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calc'd. for C₁₈H₂₂IN₆O₄S₂=545.0290; found 545.0284.

N-(2-(6-amino-8-(6-iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl)-ethyl)-methanesulfonamide (WS37)

To a solution of S-6 (50 mg, 0.12 mmol) in 3 mL of dry DMF was added N-(3-bromopropyl)methanesulfonamide (200 mg, 0.99 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (100 mg, 0.31 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at a temperature of about 25° C. for about 16 hours, condensed under reduced pressure and purified by flash chromatography to provide compound WS37 as a white solid (18 mg, 28% yield).

¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 8.29 (s, 1H), 7.74 (s, 1H), 7.01 (s, 1H), 6.91 (br, 1H), 5.96 (br, 2H), 4.41 (t, J=5.4 Hz, 2H), 3.60 (m, 2H), 2.88 (m, 2H), 2.76 (t, J=10.2 Hz, 2H), 2.05 (m, 2H).

¹³C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 154.6, 153.5, 151.8, 147.5, 146.8, 146.0, 135.9, 133.2, 127.1, 119.8, 97.3, 44.7, 42.5, 40.7, 32.5, 32.2, 25.4.

HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calc'd. for C₁₇H₂₀IN₆O₂S₂=531.0134; found 531.0121.

N-(3-(6-amino-8-(6-ethynyl-indan-5-ylsulfanyl-purin-9-yl)propy)-methanesulfonamide (WS38)

To a solution of WS36 (10 mg, 0.02 mmol) in 2 mL of DMF was added CuI (0.7 mg, 0.004 mmol), PhCl₂(Ph₃)₂ (2.6 mg, 0.004 mmol), ethynyltrimethylsilane (8.6 μL, 0.06 mmol) and triethylamine (25 μL). The resulting mixture was stirred at 60° C. for 15 min, condensed and purified by chromatography. The intermediate was treated with KOH (5 mg) in methanol (1 mL) for 30 min at a temperature of about 25° C. The reaction mixture was condensed and purified by flash chromatography to provide compound WS38 as white solid (1.8 mg, 22% yield).

¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 8.25 (s, 1H), 7.36 (s, 1H), 7.11 (s, 1H), 6.33 (br, 1H), 5.54 (br, 2H), 4.30 (t, J=6.1 Hz, 2H), 3.25 (s, 1H), 2.89 (q, 2H), 2.80 (m, 4H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 1.88 (m, 2H).

HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calc'd. for C₂₀H₂₃N₆O₂S₂=443.1324; found 443.1328.

6-Iodo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (S2-2)

A solution of 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-6-amine (52-1; 0.74 g, 5.5 mmol) in acetic acid (25 mL) and TFA (2 mL) was cooled in an ice bath for 5 minutes. NaNO₂ (0.454 g, 6.6 mmol) was added in 3 portions followed by KI (2.73 g, 16.4 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 15 minutes and quenched with H₂O (20 mL). The mixture was extracted with EtOAc (3×150 mL) and the organic layer was washed with Na₂S₂O₃, washed with brine, dried over MgSO₄ and filtered. The filtrate was condensed under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by flash chromatography (hexane:EtOAc, 90:10 to 40:60) to provide S2-2 (0.82 g, 61% yield) as a pale-yellow solid.

¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 7.14 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.11 (s, 1), 6.89 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.54 (t, J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 3.14 (t, J=8.7 Hz, 2H).

¹³C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 161.1, 129.4, 127.1, 126.4, 118.7, 91.7, 71.6, 29.4.

8-(2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran-6-ylthio)-9H-purin-6-amine (S2-3)

To a solution of S2-2 (50 mg, 0.2 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) was added 8-mercaptoadenine (34 mg, 0.2 mmol), Cs₂CO₃ (99.4 mg, 0.3 mmol) and PdCl₂(dppf) (33 ng, 0.02 mmol). The mixture was degassed far 5 minutes with argon and stirred at 80° C. under argon protection for 48 h. The resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by flash chromatography (CH₂Cl₂:MeOH, 100:0 to 90:10) to provide S2-3 (25 mg, 44% yield) as a yellow solid.

¹H NMR (500 MHz, CD₃OD, δ): 8.14 (s, 1H), 7.24 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.07 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 1H), 6.97 (s, 1H), 4.62 (t, J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 3.25 (t, J=8.7 Hz, 2H).

MS (ESI): m/z=285.8 [M+H]⁺.

HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calc'd. for C₁₃H₁₂N₅OS=286.0763; found 286.0768.

8-(5-iodo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-6-ylthio)-9H-purin-6-amine (S2-4)

To a solution of S2-3 (40 mg, 0.14 mmol) in 6 mL of acetonitrile was added TFA (40 μL) and NIS (63 mg, 028 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at a temperature of about 25° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated and/or reduced pressure and the residue was purified by flash chromatography (CH₂Cl₂:MeOH, 100:0 to 90:10) to provide S2-4 (48 mg, 53% yield) as a yellow gum.

¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 8.26 (s, 1H), 7.79 (s, 1H), 7.12 (s, 1H), 4.65 (t, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 3.28 (t, J=8.7 Hz, 2H).

MS (ESI): m/z=412.0 [M+H]⁺.

2-Methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid (2-bromo-ethyl)-amide

To a solution of 2-bromoethaneamomium bromide (410 mg, 2 mmol) in 20 mL of CH₂Cl₂ was added triethylamine (3697 μL, 5 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at a temperature of about 25° C. for 30 min, then cooled down at 0° C. 2-methylpropane-2-sulfinic chloride (0.73 mL, 2.2 mmol) was added dropwise, kept stirring for 1 hr and allowed to warm up to a temperature of about 25° C. and stirred for about 16 hours. The resulting mixture was condensed and purified by flash chromatography to provide 2-methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid (2-bromo-ethyl)-amide as a white solid (0.428, 86% yield).

¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 3.80 (br, 1H), 3.45-3.56 (m, 4H), 1.20 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 56.1, 47.3, 33.4, 22.6.

2-Methyl-propane-2-sulfonic acid (2-bromo-ethyl)amide

To a solution of 2-methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid (2-bromo-ethyl)-amide (0.8 g, 3.5 mmol) was added mCPBA (77%, 0.95, 4.2 mmol) and stirred at a temperature of about 25° C. for 2 hrs. The reaction mixture was condensed and purified to provide 2-methyl-propene-2-sulfonic acid (2-bromo-ethyl)-amide as a white solid (0.4 g, 46% yield).

¹H NMR (500 MHz, MeOH-d₄/CDCl₃, δ): 3.87-3.97 (m, 2H), 3.36-3.47 (m, 2H), 132 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 42.8, 29.6, 25.6, 23.2.

2-Methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid (2-(6-amino-8-(6-iodo-benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl)-ethyl)-amide (WS39)

To a solution of 8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-6-amine (100 mg, 0.24 mmol) in 3 mL of dry DMF was added 2-methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid (2-bromo-ethyl)-amide (90 mg, 0.37 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (159 mg, 0.49 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at a temperature of about 25° C. for 3 hrs, condensed under reduced pressure and purified by flash chromatography to provide compound WS39 as pale yellow solid (70 mg, 51% yield).

¹H NMR (500 MHz, MeOH-d₄/CDCl₃, δ): 8.21 (s, 1H), 7.39 (s, 1H), 7.04 (s, 1H), 6.06 (s, 2H), 4.81 (m, 1H), 4.35-4.44 (m, 2H), 3.63 (m, 1H), 3.46 (m, 1H), 1.11 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (125 MHz, MeOH-d₄/CDCl₃, δ): 154.8, 153.2, 151.9, 149.4, 149.1, 146.1, 128.0, 120.1, 119.2, 112.0, 102.4, 90.6, 56.0, 45.1, 44.4, 22.6.

MS (ESI): m/z=561.0 [M+H]⁺.

HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calc'd. for C₁₈H₂₂IN₆O₃S₂=561.0239; found 561.0233.

2-Methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid {2-[6-amino-8-(6-iodo-indan-5-ylsulfanyl)-purin-9-yl]-ethyl}-amide (WS40)

To a solution of S-6 (50 mg, 0.12 mmol) in 3 mL, of dry DMF was added 2-methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid (2-bromo-ethyl)-amide (40 mg, 0.18 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (80 mg, 0.25 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at a temperature of about 25° C. for 3 hrs, condensed under reduced pressure and purified by flash chromatography to provide compound WS40 as pale yellow solid (35 mg, 51% yield).

¹H NMR (500 MHz, MeOH-d₄/CDCl₃, δ): 8.22 (s, 1H), 7.82 (s, 1H), 7.34 (s, 1H), 4.36-4.44 (m, 2H), 3.60 (m, 1H), 3.44 (m, 1H), 2.92 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 2.86 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.10 (m, 2H), 1.10 (s, 9H).

MS (ESI): m/z=557.0 [M+H]⁺.

HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calc'd. for C₂₀H₂₆IN₅OS₂=557.0654; found 557.0676.

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((5-iodo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-6-yl)thio)-9H-yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide (WS41)

To a solution of S2-4 (10 mg, 0.02 mmol) in 1 mL of dry DMF was added 2-methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid (2-bromo-ethyl)amide (27 mg, 0.12 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (16 mg, 0.05 mmol). The resting mixture was stirred at a temperature of about 25° C. for 3 hrs, condensed under reduced pressure and purified by flash chromatography to provide compound WS41 as pale yellow solid (2.7 mg, 20% yield).

MS (ESI): m/z=559.0 [M+H]⁺.

HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calc'd. for C₁₉IN₆O₂S₂=559.0447; found 559.0439.

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfonamide (WS42)

To a solution of 8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-6-amine (30.4 mg, 0.07 mmol) in 3 mL of dry DMF was added 2-methyl-propane-2-sulfonic acid (2-bromo-ethyl)-amide (90 mg, 0.37 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (80 mg, 0.25 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at a temperature of about 25° C. for 3 hrs, condensed under reduced pressure and purified by flash chromatography to provide compound WS42 as pale yellow solid (17 mg, 41% yield).

¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 8.16 (s, 1H), 7.19 n (s, 2H), 6.83 (br, 1H), 5.90 (br, 2H), 5.88 (s, 2H), 4.32 (t, J=5.6 Hz, 2H), 3.68 (m, 2H), 1.23 (s, 9H).

MS (ESI): m/z=577.1 [M+H]⁺.

HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calc'd. for C₁₈H₂₂IN₆O₄S₂=577.0189; found 577.0172.

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfonamide (WS43)

To a solution of S2-4 (25 mg, 0.06 mmol) in 2 mL of dry DMF was added 2-methyl-propane-2-sulfonic acid (2-bromo-ethyl)-amide (90 mg, 037 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (60 mg, 0.18 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at a temperature of about 25° C. for 3 hrs, condensed under reduced pressure and purified by flash chromatography to provide compound WS43 as a white powder (3.6 mg, 10% yield).

¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 8.25 (s, 1H), 7.56 (s, 1H), 6.42 (s, 1H), 5.88 (brs, 1H), 5.58 (br, 2H), 4.49 (m, 2H), 4.31 (m, 2H), 3.51 (m, 2H), 3.11 (m, 2H), 1.12 (s, 9H).

MS (ESI): m/z=575.0 [M+H]⁺.

HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calc'd. for C₁₉H₂₄IN₆O₃S₂=575.0396; found 575.0399.

N-(2-(6-amino-8-((5-iodo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfonamide (WS44)

To a solution of S-6 (20 mg, 0.05 mmol) in 2 mL of dry DMF was added 2-methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid (2-bromoethyl)-amide (90 mg, 0.37 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (60 rag, 0.18 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at a temperature of about 25° C. for 3 hrs, condensed under reduced pressure and purified by flash chromatography to provide compound WS44 as a white powder (1 mg, 31% yield).

¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 8.34 (s, 1H), 7.74 (s, 1H), 6.89 (s, 1H), 6.58 (brs, 1H), 5.78 (brs, 2H), 4.42 (m, 2H), 3.71 (m, 2H), 2.89 (m, 2H), 2.75 (m, 2H), 2.06 (m, 2H), 1.32 (s, 9H).

MS (ESI): m/z 573.1 [M+H]⁺.

HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calc'd. for C₂₀H₂₆IN₆S₂=573.0603; found 573.0597.

2-(3-(Amino-8-(6-(dimethylamino)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylthio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione. F (0.720 g, 2.18 mmol), Cs₂CO₃ (0.851 g, 2.62 mmol), 2-(3-bromopropyl)isoindolin-1,3-dione (2.05 g, 7.64 mmol) in DMF (15 mL) was stirred for 2 h at rt. The mixture was dried under reduced pressure and the residue purified by column chromatography (CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:AcOH, 15:1:0.5) to give 0.72 g (63%) of the titled compound. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 8.16 (s, 1H), 7.85-7.87 (m, 2H), 7.74-7.75 (m, 2H), 6.87 (s, 1H), 6.71 (s, 1H), 5.88 (s, 2H), 4.37 (t, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 3.73 (t, J=6.1 Hz, 2H), 2.69 (s, 6H), 2.37-2.42 (m, 2H); HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₂₅H₂₄N₇O₄S, 518.1610; found 518.1601.

9-(3-Aminopropyl)-8-(6-(dimethylamino)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-S-ylthio)-9H-purin-6-amine. 2-(3-(6-Amino-8-(6-(dimethylamino)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylthio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (0.72 g, 1.38 mmol), hydrazine hydrate (2.86 g, 2.78 mL, 20.75 mmol), in CH₂Cl₂:MeOH (4 mL:28 mL) was stirred for 2 h at rt. The mixture was dried under reduced pressure and the residue purified by column chromatography (CH₂Cl₂:MeOH—NH₃(7N), 20:1) to give 430 mg (80%) of the titled compound. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.33 (s, 1H), 6.77 (s, 1H), 6.49 (s, 1H), 5.91 (s, 2H), 5.85 (br s, 2H), 4.30 (t, J=6.9 Hz, 2H), 2.69 (s, 6H), 2.65 (t, J=6.5 Hz, 2H), 1.89-1.95 (m, 2H); ¹³C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 154.5, 153.1, 151.7, 148.1, 147.2, 146.4, 144.8, 120.2, 120.1, 109.3, 1092, 101.7, 45.3, 45.2, 40.9, 38.6, 33.3; HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₁₇H₂₂N₇O₂S, 388.1556; found 388.1544.

N-(3-(6-Amino-8-(6-(dimethylamino)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylthio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide (MRP-I-28). 9-(3-Aminopropyl)-8-(6-(dimethylamino)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylthio)-9H-purin-6-amine (60 mg, 0.155 mmol), triethylamine (17 mg, 24 μL, 0.170 mmol), cyclopropane carbonyl chloride (16 mg, 14 μL, 0.155 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (3 mL) was stirred for 2 h at rt. The mixture was dried under reduced pressure and the residue purified by preparatory TLC (CH₂Cl₂:MeOH—NH₃(7N), 20:1) to give MRP-I-28 (66 mg, 93%). ¹H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.33 (s, 1H), 7.40 (t, J=6.1 Hz, 1H), 6.77 (s, 1H), 6.52 (s, 1H), 6.40 (br s, 2H), 5.90 (s, 2H), 4.29 (t, J=6.2 Hz, 2H), 3.11 (q, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 2.68 (s, 6H), 1.87-1.91 (m, 2H), 1.45-1.49 (m, 1H), 0.98-0.96 (m, 2H), 0.77-0.74 (m, 2H); ¹³C NMR (150 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 173.7, 154.9, 153.0, 151.8, 148.3, 147.5, 146.6, 144.7, 119.9, 119.5, 109.6, 102.5, 101.7, 45.3, 40.6, 35.3, 29.1, 14.9, 7.1 HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₂₁H₂₆N₇O₃S, 456.1818; found 456.1812.

N-(3-(6-Amino-8-(6-(dimethylamino)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylthio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)pivalamide (MRP-I-29). 9-(3-Aminopropyl)-8-(6-(dimethylamino)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylthio)-9H-purin-6-amine (60 mg, 0.155 mmol), triethylamine (17 mg, 24 μL, 0.170 mmol), pivaloyl chloride (19 mg, 19 μL, 0.155 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (3 mL) was stirred for 2 h at rt. The mixture was dried under reduced pressure and the residue purified by preparatory TLC (CH₂Cl₂:MeOH—NH₃(7N), 20:1) to give MRP-I-29 (65 mg, 89%). ¹H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.30 (s, 1H), 7.65 (t, J=6.2 Hz, 1H), 6.77 (s, 1H), 6.50 (s, 1H), 6.39 (br s, 2H), 5.90 (s, 2H), 4.26 (t, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 3.04 (q, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 2.68 (s, 6H), 1.83-1.87 (m, 2H), 1.27 (s, 9H); ¹³C NMR (150 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 178.8, 154.9, 152.9, 151.9, 148.3, 147.5, 146.6, 144.7, 119.8, 119.7, 109.5, 102.5, 101.7, 45.3, 40.3, 38.8, 34.8, 28.9, 27.7; (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₂₂H₃₆N₇O₃S, 472.2131; found 472.2128.

N-(3-(6-Amino-8-(6-(dimethylamino)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylthio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)cyclopropanesulfonamide (MRP-I-31). 9-(3-Aminopropyl)-8-(6-(dimethylamino)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylthio)-9H-purin-6-amine (61 mg, 0.158 mmol), triethylamine (18 mg, 24 μL, 0.174 mmol), cyclopropane sulfonyl chloride (22 mg, 17 μL, 0.158 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (3 mL) was stirred for 2 h at rt. The mixture was dried under reduced pressure and the residue purified by preparatory TLC (CH₂Cl₂:MeOH—NH₃(7N), 20:1) to give MRP-I-31 (55 mg, 71%). ¹H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.30 (s, 1H), 6.78 (s, 1H), 6.66 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 6.51 (s, 1H), 6.29 (br s, 2H), 5.91 (s, 2H), 4.31 (t, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 3.02 (q, J=6.1 Hz, 2H), 2.70 (s, 61H), 2.34-2.38 (m, 1H), 1.95-1.99 (m, 2H), 1.15-1.17 (m, 2H), 0.93-0.96 (m, 2H); ¹³C NMR (150 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 154.9, 153.1, 151.7, 148.4, 147.6, 146.3, 144.8, 119.8, 119.4, 109.6, 102.4, 101.8, 45.4, 40.0, 39.0, 30.4, 30.2, 5.26; HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₂₀H₂₆N₇O₄S₂, 492.1488; found 492.1468.

N-(3-Bromopropyl)pivalamide. To a suspension of 3 bromopropylamine hydrobromide (290 mg, 1.3 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (10 mL) cooled in ice bath was added triethylamine (470 uL). The resulting mixture was stirred for 5 min and trimethylacetyl chloride (163 uL, 1.3 mmol) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 2 hrs, condensed under vacuum, purified by flash chromatography to yield N-(3-bromopropyl)pivalamide as colorless oil (160 mg, 55%). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃): δ (5.97 (br s, 1H), 3.40 (m, 4H), 2.07 (m, 2H), 1.17 (s, 9H); ¹³C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 178.7, 37.2, 32.1, 31.1, 27.6.

The preparation of other amides, sulfonamides and sulfinamides followed the same procedure as described above using 3-bromopropylamine hydrobromide and corresponding acid chloride, sulfonyl chloride or sulfinyl chloride.

N-(3-(6-amino-8-(6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)pivalamide (WS45). To a solution of 8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio-9H-purin-6-amine (74 mg, 0.18 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) was added N-(3-bromopropyl)pivalamide (80 mg, 0.36 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (117 mg, 0.36 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was condensed under vacuum and the residue was purified by Prep TLC (CH₂Cl₂:NH₃-MeOH (7N), 20:1) to yield WS45 as a white solid (18 mg, 18%). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.23 (s, 1H), 7.45 (br s, 1H), 7.19 (s, 1H), 6.88 (s, 1H), 5.93 (s, 2H), 5.69 (br s, 2H), 4.20 (t, J=6.1 Hz, 2H), 3.00 (m, 2H), 1.80 (m, 2H), 1.21 (s, 9H); HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₂₀H₂₄IN₆O₃S, 555.0675; found 555.0681.

N-(3-(6-Amino-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)isobutyramide (WS46). To a solution of 8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio-9H-purin-6-amine (50 mg, 0.12 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) was added N-(3-bromopropyl)isobutyramide (50 mg, 0.24 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (78 mg, 0.24 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was condensed under vacuum and the residue was purified by Prep TLC (CH₂Cl₂:NH₃-MeOH (7N), 20:1) to yield WS46 as a white solid (22 mg, 34%). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 8.22 (s, 1H), 7.61 (br s, 1H), 7.41 (s, 1H), 7.08 (s, 1H), 6.07 (s, 2H), 4.27 (m, 2H), 3.21 (m, 2H), 2.45 (s, 1H), 2.02 (m, 2H), 1.19 (d, J=6.9 Hz, 6H); HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₁₉H₂₂IN₆O₃S, 541.0519; found 541.0508.

N-(3-(6-Amino-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)propane-2-sulfonamide (WS48). To a solution of 8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio-9H-purin-6-amine (118 mg, 0.28 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) was added N-(3-bromopropyl)propane-2-sulfonamide (350 mg, 1.4 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (188 mg, 0.56 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was condensed under vacuum and the residue was purified by Prep TLC (CH₂Cl₂:NH₃-MeOH (7N), 20:1) to yield WS48 as a white solid (33 mg, 20%). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 8.20 (s, 1H), 7.41 (s, 1H), 7.09 (s, 1H), 6.08 (s, 2H), 4.35 (t, J=7.0 Hz, 2H), 3.10-3.22 (m, 3H), 2.07 (m, 2H), 1.37 (d, J=6.9 Hz, 6H); ¹³C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 158.4, 156.1, 155.1, 153.9, 153.5, 151.8, 129.2, 123.5, 123.3, 117.9, 106.6, 98.3, 57.0, 44.8, 43.9, 34.3, 20.2; HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₁₈H₂₂IN₆O₄S₂, 577.0189; found 577.0193.

N-3-(6-Amino-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfanilamide (WS49). To a solution of 8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio-9H-purin-6-amine (118 mg, 0.07 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) was added N-(3-bromopropyl)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide (50 mg, 0.21 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (23 mg, 0.14 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was condensed under vacuum and the residue was purified by Prep TLC (CH₂Cl₂:NH₃-MeOH (7N), 20:1) to yield WS49 as a white solid (14 mg, 35%). ¹H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.31 (s, 1H), 7.33 (s, 1H), 6.94 (s, 1H), 6.02 (s, 2H), 5.87 (br s, 2H), 4.91 (t, J=6.7 Hz, 1H), 4.40-4.45 (m, 1H), 4.31-4.36 (m, 1H), 3.10-3.17 (m, 1H), 2.97-3.04 (m, 1H), 2.11-2.17 (m, 1H), 1.96-2.08 (m, 1H), 1.26 (s, 9H); ¹³C NMR (150 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 154.5, 1529, 151.9, 149.3, 149.2, 146.5, 127.3, 119.9, 119.3, 112.6, 102.4, 91.8, 55.9, 42.1, 40.5, 31.1, 22.8; HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₁₉H₂₄IN₆O₃S₂, 575.0396; found 575.0379.

N-3-(6-Amino-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonamide (WS50). To a solution of 8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio-9H-purin-6-amine (24 mg, 0.06 mmol) in DMF (1.5 mL) was added N-(3-bromopropyl)-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonamide (60 mg, 0.24 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (38 mg, 0.12 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was condensed under vacuum and the residue was purified by Prep TLC (CH₂Cl₂:NH₃-MeOH (7N), 20:1) to yield WS50 as a white solid (16 mg, 46%). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 8.07 (s, 1H), 7.25 (s, 1H), 6.94 (s, 1H), 5.93 (s, 2H), 4.20 (t, J=6.2 Hz, 2H), 2.97 (t, J=5.6 Hz, 2H), 2.78 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 2H), 2.05-2.16 (m, 1H), 1.87-1.97 (m, 2H), 0.98 (d, J=6.7 Hz, 6H); ¹³C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 158.3, 156.2, 155.1, 153.9, 153.4, 151.6, 129.3, 123.5, 123.2, 117.9, 106.6, 98.3, 64.2, 44.7, 43.4, 34.0, 28.8, 26.3; HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₁₉H₂₄IN₆O₄S₂, 591.0345; found 591.0333.

N-3-(6-amino-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)cyclopropane carboxamide (WS51). To a solution of 8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio-9H-purin-6-amine (30 mg, 0.07 mmol) in DMF (1.5 mL) was added N-(3-bromopropyl) cyclopropanecarboxamide (60 mg, 0.28 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (48 mg, 0.14 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was condensed under vacuum and the residue was purified by Prep TLC (CH₂Cl₂:NH-MeOH (7N), 20:1) to yield WS51 as a white solid (14 mg, 35%). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 8.16 (s, 1H), 7.31 (s, 1H), 6.99 (s, 1H), 5.98 (s, 2H), 4.21 (t, J=7.0 Hz, 2H), 3.16 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 2H), 1.88-1.98 (m, 2H), 1.40-1.44 (m, 1H), 0.83-0.91 (m, 2H), 0.66-0.74 (m, 2H); ¹³C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 179.1, 174.7, 154.3, 152.2, 151.2, 149.9, 149.4, 147.7, 125.4, 119.5, 113.9, 102.6, 94.3, 41.1, 35.9, 28.9, 14.5, 7.0; HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₁₉H₂₀IN₆O₃S, 539.0362; found 539.0362.

N-3-(6-Amino-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfonamide (WS52). To a solution of 8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio-9H-purin-6-amine (37 mg, 0.09 mmol) in DMF (1.5 mL) was added N-(3-bromopropyl)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfonamide (70 mg, 0.27 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (59 mg, 0.18 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was condensed under vacuum and the residue was purified by Prep TLC (CH₂Cl₂:NH-MeOH (7N), 20:1) to yield WS52 as a white solid (9 mg, 16%). ¹H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.20 (s, 1H), 7.25 (s, 1H), 6.89 (s, 1H), 6.35 (t, J=6.7 Hz, 1H), 5.94 (s, 2H), 5.69 (br s, 2H), 4.32 (t, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 2.93-2.99 (m, 2H), 1.87-1.99 (m, 2H), 1.28 (s, 9H); ¹³C NMR (150 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 154.5, 152.8, 152.0, 149.34, 149.32, 146.9, 126.9, 119.8, 119.4, 112.9, 102.4, 92.3, 59.7, 40.3, 40.1, 31.3, 24.4; HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₁₉H₂₄IN₆O₄S₂, 591.0345; found 591.0353.

(S)-N-3-(6-Amino-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)-2-hydroxypropanamide (WS55). To a solution of 8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio-9H-purin-6-amine (71 mg, 0.17 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) was added (S)-1-(3-bromopropyl)amino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl acetate (130 mg, 0.5 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (112 mg, 0.34 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature over night. The reaction mixture was condensed under vacuum and the residue was purified by Prep TLC (CH₂Cl₂:NH₃-MeOH (7N), 20:1) to yield WS55 as a white solid (13 mg, 14%). ¹H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.23 (s, 1H), 7.64 (t, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (s, 1H), 6.90 (s, 1H), 5.94 (s, 2H), 5.73 (br s, 2H), 4.10-4.23 (m, 3H), 3.05-3.25 (m, 2H), 1.85-1.95 (m, 2H), 1.39 (dd, J=15.1, 6.8 Hz, 3H); HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₁₈H₂₀IN₆O₄S, 543.0312; found 543.0310.

N-3-(6-Amino-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)cyclopropanesulfonamide (WS56). To a solution of 8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio-9H-purin-6-amine (45 mg, 0.11 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) was added N-(3-bromopropyl)cyclopropanesulfonamide (120 mg, 0.44 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (71 mg, 0.22 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was condensed under vacuum and the residue was purified by Prep TLC (CH₂Cl₂:NH₃-MeOH (7N), 20:1) to yield WS56 as a white solid (12 mg, 19%). ¹H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 8.13 (s, 1H), 7.32 (s, 1H), 7.00 (s, 1H), 5.99 (s, 2H), 4.26 (t, J=7.0 Hz, 2H), 3.08 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 2.32-2.38 (m, 1H), 1.95-2.02 (m, 2H), 1.03-1.09 (m, 2H), 0.89-0.95 (m, 2H); HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₁₈H₂₀IN₆O₄S₂, 575.0032; found 575.0042.

1-((3-(6-Amino-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxo-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)amino)-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl acetate (WS57). To a solution of 8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio-9H-purin-6-amine (59 mg, 0.14 mmol) in DMF (1.5 mL) was added 1-((3-bromopropyl)amino)-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl acetate (120 mg, 0.48 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (93 mg, 0.28 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was condensed under vacuum and the residue was purified by Prep TLC (CH₂Cl₂:NH₃-MeOH (7N), 20:1) to yield WS57 as a white solid (19 mg, 22%). ¹H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.23 (s, 1H), 7.90 (t, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (s, 1H), 6.85 (s, 1H), 5.95 (s, 2H), 5.54 (br s, 2H), 4.21 (t, J=5.9 Hz, 2H), 2.93-2.99 (m, 2H), 2.08 (s, 3H), 1.83-1.90 (m, 2H), 1.59 (s, 6H); HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₂₁H₂₄IN₆O₅S, 599.0574; found 599.0579.

N-(3-(6-Amino-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide (WS58). To a solution of WS57 in MeOH/THF/H₂O (0.3 mL/0.3 mL/0.3 mL) was added LiOH (5 mg). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hrs. The resulting mixture was condensed, purified by Prep TLC (CH₂Cl₂:NH₃-MeOH (7N), 20:1) to yield WS58 as a white solid (10 mg, 83%). ¹H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.24 (s, 1H), 7.79 (br s, 1H), 7.25 (s, 1H), 6.88 (s, 1H), 5.94 (s, 2H), 5.67 (br s, 2H), 4.20 (t, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 3.02-3.20 (m, 2H), 1.83-1.96 (m, 2H), 1.43 (s, 6H); ¹³C NMR (150 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 176.9, 154.5, 152.9, 151.9, 149.32, 149.31, 146.9, 127.0, 120.0, 119.4, 112.9, 102.4, 92.3, 72.9, 40.6, 35.4, 29.2, 28.0; HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₁₉H₂₂IN₆O₄S, 557.0468; found 557.0447.

N-(3-(6-Amino-5-((5-iodo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide (WS61). To a solution of 8-((5-iodo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-6-amine (26 mg, 0.06 mmol) in DMF (1.5 mL) was added N-(3-bromopropyl) cyclopropanecarboxamide (39 mg, 0.18 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (41 mg, 0.12 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was condensed under vacuum and the residue was purified by Prep TLC(CH₂Cl₂:NH₃-MeOH (7N), 20:1) to yield WS61 as a white solid (12 mg, 35%). ¹H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.30 (s, 1H), 7.57 (s, 1H), 7.16 (m, 1H), 6.55 (s, 1H), 5.67 (br s, 2H), 4.50 (t, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 4.22 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 3.13 (t, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 3.01-3.07 (m, 2H), 1.80-1.86 (m, 2H), 1.38-1.44 (m, 1H), 0.87-0.93 (m, 2H), 0.67-0.72 (m, 2H); HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₂₀H₂₂IN₆O₂S, 537.0570; found 537.0567.

N-(3-(6-Amino-8-((5-iodo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-6-yl)thio-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide (WS62). To a solution of 8-((5-iodo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-6-yl)thio)-9H-purin-6-amine (26 mg, 0.06 mmol) in DMF (1.5 mL) was added N-(3-bromopropyl)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide (49 mg, 0.18 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃(41 mg, 0.12 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was condensed under vacuum and the residue was purified by Prep TLC (CH₂Cl₂:NH₃-MeOH (7N), 20:1) to yield WS62 as a white solid (11 mg, 30%). ¹H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.33 (s, 1H), 7.66 (s, 1H), 6.61 (s, 1H), 5.85 (br s, 2H), 4.84 (t, J=6.7 Hz, 1H), 4.59 (t, J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 4.37-4.44 (m, 1H), 4.29-4.35 (m, 1H), 3.22 (t, J=8.5 Hz, 2H), 3.09-3.16 (m, 1H), 2.95-3.02 (m, 1H), 2.06-2.15 (m, 1H), 1.93-2.05 (m, 1H), 1.29 (s, 9H); HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₂₀H₂₆IN₆O₂S₂, 573.0603; found 573.0620.

N-(3-(6-Amino-8-((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide (WS63). To a solution of 8-((6-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-6-amine (13 mg, 0.03 mmol) in DMF (1.5 mL) was added N-(3-bromopropyl)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide (23 mg, 0.1 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (21 mg, 0.06 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was condensed under vacuum and the residue was purified by Prep TLC (CH₂Cl₂:NH₃-MeOH (7N), 20:1) to yield WS63 as a white solid (5 mg, 27%). ¹H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.22 (s, 1H), 7.68 (s, 1H), 7.05 (s, 1H), 5.70 (br s, 2H), 4.83 (t, J=6.7 Hz, 1H), 4.28-4.36 (m, 1H), 4.17-4.27 (m, 1H), 2.99-3.07 (m, 1H), 2.85-2.93 (m, 1H), 2.81 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 2.72 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 1.83-2.08 (m, 4H), 1.20 (m, 9H); HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₂₁H₂IN₆OS₂, 571.0811; found 571.0809.

N-(3-(6-Amino-(2-iodo-5-methoxyphenyl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)pivalamide (WS64). To a solution of 8-((2-iodo-5-methoxyphenyl)thio)-9H-purin-6-amine (200 mg, 0.5 mmol) in DMF (3 mL) was added N-(3-bromopropyl)pivalamide (445 mg, 2 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃(326 mg, 1 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was condensed under vacuum and the residue was purified by Prep TLC (CH₂Cl₂:NH₃-MeOH (7N), 20:1) to yield WS64 as a white solid (53 mg, 20%). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.26 (s, 1H), 7.66 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (br s, 1H), 6.66 (s, 1H), 6.50 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 5.86 (br s, 2H), 4.20 (t, J=6.1 Hz, 2H), 3.61 (s, 3H), 2.78 (m, 2H), 1.82 (m, 2H), 1.21 (s, 9H); ¹³C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 178.8, 160.5, 155.0, 153.2, 152.0, 145.0, 140.6, 137.7, 120.1, 117.2, 115.4, 88.4, 55.5, 40.7, 38.8, 34.8, 29.1, 27.7; HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₂₀H₂₆IN₆O₂S, 541.0883; found 541.0898.

2-(6-Amino-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N-(tert-butyl)ethanesulfonamide (WS47). To a solution of 8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio-9H-purin-6-amine (56 mg, 0.13 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) was added N-t-butyl-2-chloroethanesulfonamide (50 mg, 0.25 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (88 mg, 0.27 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was condensed under vacuum and the residue was purified by Prep TLC (CH₂Cl₂:NH₃-MeOH (7N), 20:1) to yield WS47 as a white solid (10 mg, 13%). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃/McOH-d₄): δ 8.22 (s, 1H), 7.39 (s, 1H), 7.08 (s, 1H), 6.06 (s, 2H), 4.69 (t, J=7.0 Hz, 2H), 3.57 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 1.35 (s, 9H); ¹³C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 158.3, 156.4, 155.1, 153.9, 153.4, 151.5, 129.2, 123.5, 123.3, 117.8, 106.6, 98.1, 58.5, 57.3, 42.7, 33.8; HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₁₈H₂₂IN₆O₄S₂, 577.0189; found 577.0217.

3-(6-Amino-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N-(tert-butyl)propane-1-sulfonamide (WS53). To a solution of 8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio-9H-purin-6-amine (56 mg, 0.13 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) was added N-t-butyl-3-chloro-N-propane-1-sulfonamide (144 mg, 0.65 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (88 mg, 0.27 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was condensed under vacuum and the residue was purified by Prep TLC (CH₂Cl₂:NH₃-MeOH (7N), 20:1) to yield WS53 as a white solid (18 mg, 22%). ¹H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 8.21 (s, 1H), 7.40 (s, 1H), 7.06 (s, 1H), 6.06 (s, 2H), 4.38 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 3.12 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 2.13-2.44 (m, 2H), 1.33 (s, 9H); ¹³C NMR (150 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 155.8, 153.8, 152.4, 151.5, 151.0, 149.0, 126.7, 121.0, 120.8, 115.3, 104.1, 95.7, 55.7, 51.1, 43.6, 31.5, 25.9; HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₁₉H₂₄IN₆O₄S2, 591.0345; found 591.0361.

3-(6-Amino-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)-N-isopropylpropane-1-sulfonamide (WS54). To a solution of 8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio-9H-purin-6-amine (39 mg, 0.09 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) was added 3-chloro-N-isopropylpropane-1-sulfonamide (100 mg, 0.45 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (62 mg, 0.19 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was condensed under vacuum and the residue was purified by Prep TLC (CH₂Cl₂:NH₃-MeOH (7N), 20:1) to yield WS54 as a white solid (14 mg, 26%). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 8.00 (s, 1H), 7.19 (s, 1H), 6.86 (s, 1H), 5.86 (s, 2H), 4.17 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 3.34 (septet, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 2.89 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.05-2.13 (m, 2H), 0.99 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 6H); HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₁₈H₂₂IN₆O₄S₂, 577.0189; found 577.0194.

t-Butyl (3-bromopropyl)carbamate. To a suspension of 3-bromopropylamine hydrobromide (10 g, 45.7 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (100 mL) cooled in an ice bath was added triethylamine (15.9 mL, 113 mmol). Di-t-butyl-dicarbonate (10 g, 45.7 mmol) was added slowly in portions and the resulting mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 2 hrs and allowed to warm up to room temperature and stirred over-night. The reaction mixture was filtered, condensed and purified by flash chromatography to yield t-butyl (3-bromopropyl)carbamate (9.8 g, 90%). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 4.75 (br s, 1H), 3.44 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.27 (m, 2H), 2.05 (m, 2H), 1.45 (s, 9H).

9-(3-Aminopropyl)-2-fluoro-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-6-amine (WS6S). To a solution of 2-fluoro-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-6-amine (3.3 g, 8 mmol) in DMF (50 mL) was added t-butyl (3-bromopropyl)carbamate (9.6 g, 40 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (5.26 g, 16 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 day. The reaction mixture was condensed and purified by flash chromatography to yield t-butyl (3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)carbamate as white solid (3.1 g, 66%). The solution of t-butyl (3-(6-amino-2-fluoro-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)carbamate (1.9 g, 3.3 mmol) in the mixture of TFA/CH₂Cl₂ (10 mL/2 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 2 hrs. The reaction mixture was condensed, purified by flash chromatography to yield 9-(3-aminopropyl)-2-fluoro-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-6-amine as yellow solid (1.4 g, 89%). ¹H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 7.28 (s, 1H), 6.70 (s, 1H), 5.98 (s, 2H), 4.21 (s, 2H), 4.13 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 2.67 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 2H), 1.89 (m, 2H); ¹³C NMR (150 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 160.8, 159.4, 157.8, 153.7, 152.1, 150.4, 149.4, 132.4, 120.1, 117.2, 111.3, 103.4, 89.8, 41.7, 40.4, 39.3, 33.6; HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₁₆H₁₇IFN₆O₂, 471.0436; found 471.0442.

N-(3-(6-Amino-2-fluoro-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide (WS60). To a solution of 9-(3-aminopropyl)-2-fluoro-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-6-amine (80 mg, 0.17 mmol) in DCM (3 mL) was added t-butylsulfinyl chloride (28 μL, 0.25 mmol) and triethylamine (30 μL, 0.25 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was condensed and purified by flash chromatography to yield WS60 as a white solid (45 mg, 46%). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 7.28 (s, 1H), 6.62 (s, 1H), 6.04 (brs, 2H), 5.97 (s, 2H), 4.60 (t, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.24 (s, 2H), 4.20 (m, 1H), 4.09 (m, 1H), 3.13 (m, 1H), 2.97 (m, 1H), 2.00 (m, 1H), 1.85 (m, 1H), 1.27 (s, 9H). HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₂₀H₂₅FIN₆O₃S, 575.0725; found 575.0738.

N-(3-(6-Amino-2-fluoro-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)pivalamide (WS66). To a solution of WS65 (100 mg, 0.21 mmol) in DMF (3 mL) was added trimethylacetyl chloride (40 μL, 0.32 mmol) and triethylamine (90 μL, 0.96 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was condensed and purified by flash chromatography to yield WS66 as white solid (80 mg, 68%). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 7.22 (s, 1H), 6.58 (s, 1H), 6.37 (br s, 2H), 5.90 (s, 2H), 4.17 (s, 2H), 4.00 (t, J=6.1 Hz, 2H), 3.10 (m, 2H), 1.66-1.73 (m, 2H), 1.16 (s, 9H); HRMS (ESI) m/z [M−H]⁺ calcd. for C₂₁H₂₅IFN₆O₃, 555.1017; found 555.1015.

N-(3-(6-Amino-2-fluoro-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide (WS71). To a solution of 9-(3-aminopropyl)-2-fluoro-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-6-amine (100 mg, 0.21 mmol) in DMF (3 mL) was added cyclopropanecarbonyl chloride (29 μL, 0.32 mmol) and triethylamine (90 μL, 0.96 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was condensed and purified by flash chromatography to yield WS71 as a white solid (75 mg, 65%). ¹H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 7.32 (s, 1H), 6.77 (s, 1H), 6.02 (s, 2H), 4.24 (s, 2H), 4.16 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 3.26 (t, J=6.2 Hz, 2H), 1.91-2.01 (m, 2H), 1.50-1.57 (m, 1H), 0.90-0.95 (m, 2H), 0.76-0.82 (m, 2H); HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+]⁺ calcd. for C₂₀H₂₁FIN₆O₃, 539.0704; found 539.0705.

N-(3-(6-Amino-2-fluoro-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)cyclopropanesulfonamide (WS72). To a solution of 9-(3-aminopropyl)-2-fluoro-8-((6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methyl)-9H-purin-6-amine (100 mg, 0.21 mmol) in DMF (3 mL) was added cyclopropanesulfonyl chloride (89 mg, 0.32 mmol) and triethylamine (90 μL, 0.96 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was condensed and purified by flash chromatography to yield WS72 as a white solid (82 mg, 67%). ¹H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 7.32 (s, 1H), 6.79 (s, 1H), 6.02 (s, 2H), 4.27 (s, 2H), 4.22 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 3.18 (t, =6.4 Hz, 2H), 2.45-2.50 (m, 1), 2.00-2.06 (m, 2H), 1.12-1.17 (m, 2H), 0.99-1.04 (m, 2H); ¹³C NMR (150 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 159.0 (d, J=209.8 Hz), 156.9 (d, J=19.7 Hz), 152.4 (d, J=18.5 Hz), 151.2 (d, J=2.3 Hz), 149.3, 148.4, 131.4, 119.0, 116.3 (d, J=3.6 Hz), 110.4, 102.4, 88.7, 40.7, 40.1, 39.3, 30.2, 29.9, 5.3; HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₁₉H₂₁FIN₆O₄S, 575.0374; found 575.0390.

N-(3-(6-Amino-S-((6-ethynylbenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide (WS68). To a solution of WS51 (150 mg, 0.28 mmol) in DMF (3 mL) was added trimethylsilanylacetylene (116 μL, 0.84 mmol), PdCl₂(PPh₃)₂ (20 mg, 0.03 mmol), CuI (5 mg, 0.03 mmol) and triethylamine (389 μL, 2.8 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 60° C. for 30 min, condensed and filtered through silica gel. The filtrate was condensed under reduced pressure and the resulting residue was dissolved in CH₂Cl₂/MeOH (1 mL/1 mL). To the resulting mixture was added KOH (20 mg) and stirred for 3 hrs. The reaction mixture was condensed and purified by flash chromatography to yield WS68 as a white solid (42 mg, 35%). ¹H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 8.11 (s, 1H), 6.96 (s, 1H), 6.89 (s, 1H), 5.98 (s, 2H), 4.21 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 3.45 (s, 1H), 3.18 (m, 2H), 1.88-1.96 (m, 2H), 1.43-1.49 (m, 1H), 0.78-0.84 (m, 2H), 0.65-0.71 (m, 2H); HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₂₁H₂₁N₆O₃S, 437.1396; found 437.1393.

N-(3-Amino-8-((6-ethynylbenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)pivalamide (WS69). To a solution of WS45 (150 mg, 0.27 mmol) in DMF (3 mL) was added trimethylsilanylacetylene (113 μL, 0.81 mmol), PdCl₂(PPh₃)₂ (19 mg, 0.03 mmol), CuI (5 mg, 0.03 mmol) and triethylamine (377 μL, 2.7 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 60° C. for 30 min, condensed and filtered through silica gel. The filtrate was condensed under reduced pressure and the resulting residue was dissolved in CH₂Cl₂/MeOH (1 mL/1 mL). To the resulting mixture was added KOH (20 mg) and stirred for 3 hrs. The reaction mixture was condensed and purified by flash chromatography to yield WS69 as a white solid (53 mg, 43%). ¹H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.31 (s, 1H), 7.56 (t, J=6.1 Hz, 1H), 7.00 (s, 1H), 6.88 (s, 1H), 6.01 (s, 2H), 5.77 (br s, 2H), 4.29 (t, J=5.9 Hz, 2H), 3.30 (s, 1H), 3.02-3.09 (m, 2H), 1.86-1.94 (m, 2H), 1.28 (s, 9H); HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₂₂H₂₅N₆O₃S, 453.1709; found 453.1721.

N-(3-(6-Amino-8-((6-ethynylbenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thio)-9H-purin-9-yl)propyl)cyclopropenesulfonamide (WS70). To a solution of WS56 (100 mg, 0.17 mmol) in DMF (3 mL) was added trimethylsilanylacetylene (72 μL, 0.61 mmol), PdCl₂(PPh₃)₂ (12 mg, 0.02 mmol), CuI (3 g, 0.02 mmol) and triethylamine (243 μL, 1.7 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 60° C. for 30 min, condensed and filtered through silica gel. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and the resulting residue was dissolved in CH₂Cl₂/MeOH (1 mL/1 mL). To the resulting mixture was added KOH (20 mg) and stirred for 3 hrs. The reaction mixture was condensed and purified by flash chromatography to yield WS70 as a white solid (43 mg, 52%). ¹H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 8.20 (s, 1H), 7.06 (s, 1H), 7.00 (s, 1H), 6.08 (s, 2H), 4.37 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.54 (s, 1H), 3.18 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 2H), 2.43-2.51 (m, 1H), 2.04-2.12 (m, 2H), 1.10-1.14 (m, 2H), 0.99-1.04 (m, 2H); HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₂₀H₂₁N₆O₄S₂, 473.1066; found 473.1053.

6(6-Amino-8-(6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylthio)-9H-purin-9-yl)hexanamide [DZ5-49-N9]

50 mg (0.121 mmol) of 8-(6-iodobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylthio)-9H-purin-6-amine (S13-1) was dissolved in DMF (2 mL). 47 mg (0.145 mmol) of Cs₂CO₃ and 117.4 mg (0.605 mmol) of 6-bromohexanamide (S13-2) were added and the mixture was stirred at it for 2 h. Solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the resulting residue was purified by preparatory TLC (CH₂Cl₂:MeOH—NH₃ (7N), 10:1) to give 12.7 mg (20%) of DZ5-49-N9. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃/MeOH-d₄): δ 8.13 (s, 1H), 7.31 (s, 1H), 6.97 (s, 1H), 5.98 (s, 2H), 4.13 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.14 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 1.71-1.80 (m, 2H), 1.55-1.65 (m, 2H), 1.28-1.39 (m, 2H); HRMS (ESI) m/z [M+H]⁺ calcd. for C₁₈H₂₀IN₆O₃S, 527.0362; found 527.0364.

Hsp90 Binding Assay:

For the binding studies, fluorescence polarization (FP) assays w-re performed similarly as was previously reported [Du et al. (2007) “High-throughput screening fluorescence polarization assay for tumor-specific Hsp90” J. Biomol. Screen 12:915-924]. Briefly, FP measurements were performed on an Analyst GT instrument (Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, Calif.). Measurements were taken in black 96-well microtiter plates (Corning #3650) where both the excitation and the emission occurred from the top of the well. A stock of 10 μM cy3B-GM was prepared in DMSO and diluted with HFB buffer (20 mM Hepes (K), pH 7.3, 50 mM KCl, 2 mM DTT, 5 mM MgCl₂, 20 mM Na₂MoO₄, and 0.01% NP40 with 0.1 mg/mL BGG). The test compounds were dissolved in DMSO and added at several concentrations to the HFB assay buffer containing both 6 nM cy3B-GM and transgenic mouse brain lysate (6 μg JNPL3 lysate) or human cancer cell lysate (3 μg SKBr3 lysate) in a final volume of 100 μL. Drugs were added to triplicate wells. Free cy3B-GM (6 nM cy3B-GM), bound cy3B-GM (6 nM cy3B-GM+lysate, as indicated above) and buffer only containing wells (background) were included as controls in each plate. Plates were incubated on a shake at 4° C., and polarization values measured at 24 h. Percentage inhibition was calculated as follows: (% Control)=100−((mP_(c)−mP_(f))/(mP_(b)−mP_(f)))×100, where mP_(c) is the recorded mP from compound wells, mP_(f) is the average recorded mP from cy3B-GM-only wells, and mP_(b) is the average recorded mP from wells containing both cy3B-GM and lysate, and plotted against values of competitor concentrations. The inhibitor concentration at which 50% of bound cy3B-GM was displaced was obtained by fitting the data using a nonlinear regression analysis as implemented in Prism 4.0 (GraphPad Software).

hERG Fluorescence Polarization Assay:

Following the manufacturer's protocol, the hERG assay was performed using Predictor hERG Fluorescence Polarization Assay kit (catalog no. PV5365) from Invitrogen. Briefly, FP measurements were performed on an Analyst GT instrument (Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, Calif.). Measurements were taken in black 384-well plates (Corning #3677), where both the excitation and the emission occurred from the top of the well. The test compounds were dissolved in DMSO and added at several concentrations to the Predictor hERG FP assay buffer containing 4 nM Predictor hERG tracer red and 10 μL of Predictor hERG membrane in a final volume of 20 μL. Drugs were added to triplicate wells. E-4031 as positive control was included in each plate. Plates were then kept on a shaker at room temperature and polarization values were measured after 4 hrs. The inhibition concentration at which 50% of tracer red gets displaced was obtained by fitting the data using a nonlinear regression analysis as implemented in Prism 5.0 (GraphPad Software).

Table 12 shows results of testing for various representative compounds for their activity in Hsp90 binding assays and hERG fluorescence polarization assay. In interpreting these test results, it will be appreciated that binding to Hsp90 is desirable for activity in the treatment of cancer or neurodegenerative disorders. In contrast, it is generally undesirable to have binding to hERG since binding to hERG can result in undesirable cardiac side effects. Therefore, having a low value for binding to Hsp90 and a high value for binding to hERG is desirable, bearing in mind that the units for the two measurement are different.

For comparison, it is noted that values for PU-H71, a compound with the structure

has a Hsp90 binding value of 20 nM and an hERG assay result of 1 μM. Many of the compounds of the invention tested, have hERG values more than 100 times greater than PU-H71 and are therefore expected to have lower toxicity/side effect issues.

TABLE 12 Hsp90 Compound Binding hERG Designation Synthetic Assay assay No. Designation (nM) (μM) 1A-10 WS35 6.3 NA 1A-11 WS42 71.5 NA 1A-12 WS39 33 NA 1A-15 WS54 20.5 >100 1A-19 WS53 44 NA 1A-22 WS48 47 >100 1A-24 WS34 11.5 NA 1A-25 WSS2 24 NA 1A-26 WS49 12 >100 1A-27 WS50 64 NA 1A-28 WS56 19.7 NA 1A-43 WS45 11 >100 1A-44 WS46 68 NA 1A-45 WS51 9.8 >100 1A-46 WS55 24.2 NA 1A-47 WS57 16.5 NA 1A-48 WS58 22.1 12 1A-49 WS64 28.3 NA 1A-5 WS47 78 NA 1A-50 DZ5-49-N9 76.5 NA 1B-28 WS70 53 >100 1B-43 WS69 28 >100 1B-45 WS68 37 >100 1G-28 MRP-I-31 22 NA 1G-43 MRP-I-19 11 >100 1G-45 MRP-I-28 15 76 2A-11 WS43 51 NA 2A-12 WS41 68 NA 2A-26 WS62 17 NA 2A-45 WS61 11.8 NA 3A-10 WS36 3.5 NA 3A-11 WS44 68 NA 4A-12 WS40 29.6 NA 3A-24 WS37 8.1 NA 3A-26 WS63 20.1 NA 3A-43 WS38 37.4 NA 4A-26 WS60 26.2 >100 4A-28 WS72 24 >100 4A-43 WS66 33.1 >100 4A-45 WS71 20 >100

The invention is not to be limited in scope by the specific embodiments disclosed in the examples that are intended as illustrations of a few aspects of the invention and any embodiments that are functionally equivalent are within the scope of this invention. Indeed, various modifications of the invention in addition to those shown and described herein will become apparent to those in the art and are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims. A number of references have been cited, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. 

The invention claimed is:
 1. A method for treating cancer or neurodegenerative disease comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (IA) or (IB):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: (a) each of Z₁, Z₂ and Z₃ is N; (b) Y is S; (c) Xa, Xb, Xc and Xd are O, O, CH₂, and CH₂, respectively; (d) X₄ is hydrogen or halogen; and (e) X₂ and R are a combination selected from the following: (i) in formula (IA): (a) X₂ is NR₁R₂, wherein R₁ and R₂ are each independently H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, or alkylheteroarylalkyl, and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)— groups, and/or terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; or (b) X₂ is halogen, and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, or —C(O)N(R_(A))— groups, and/or terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; or (c) X₂ is halogen, and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —NR_(A)C(O)— groups, and/or terminated by an —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) is independently selected from C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl, and each R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; or (d) X₂ is aryl or alkynyl, R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)— groups, and/or terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; or (e) X₂ is aryl or alkynyl, R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —NR_(A)SO₂— or —C(O)N(R_(A))— groups, and/or terminated by an —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B) or —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) is independently selected from C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl, and each R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; (f) X₂ is halogen, aryl, alkynyl, or NR₁R₂, wherein R₁ and R₂ are each independently H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, or alkylheteroarylalkyl; and R is straight-chain-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein R_(A) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl, and R_(B) is independently selected from C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; and (ii) in formula (IB): (g) X₂ is halogen, aryl, alkynyl, or NR₁R₂, wherein R₁ and R₂ are each independently H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, or alkylheteroarylalkyl, and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, or —SO₂N(R_(A))— groups, and/or terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B) or —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; or (h) X₂ is halogen, aryl, alkynyl, or NR₁R₂, wherein R₁ and R₂ are each independently H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, or alkylheteroarylalkyl, and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)— groups, and/or terminated by an —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) is independently selected from C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl, and each R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; or (j) X₂ is halogen, aryl, alkynyl, or NR₁R₂, wherein R₁ and R₂ are each independently H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, or alkylheteroarylalkyl; and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein R_(A) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl, and R_(B) is independently selected from C₂-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl, wherein the neurodegenerative disease is selected from the group consisting of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (Kennedy's disease), Alzheimer's Disease (AD), chronic traumatic encephalopathy, frontal lobe dementia, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington disease, and wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of hematopoietic disorders, breast cancer, lung cancer, leukemia, lymphoma, pancreatic cancer, multiple myeloma, prostate cancer, glioma, colon cancer, gastric cancer, and ovarian cancer.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound is of Formula (1):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound is of Formula (6):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein in formula (IA): (i)(b) X₂ is halogen, and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, or —C(O)N(R_(A))— groups, and/or terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; or (i)(c) X₂ is halogen, and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —NR_(A)C(O)— groups, and/or terminated by an —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) is independently selected from C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl, and each R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl.
 5. The method of claim 4, wherein R is straight-chain-unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, which is interrupted by one or more —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, or —C(O)N(R_(A))— groups, and/or terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, and cycloalkyl.
 6. The method of claim 5, wherein X₂ is Iodo, R is straight-chain-unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, which is terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B) group, wherein R_(A) is hydrogen, and R_(B) is tert-butyl or cyclopropyl.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein in formula (IA): (i)(d) X₂ is aryl or alkynyl, R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)— groups, and/or terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; or (i)(e) X₂ is aryl or alkynyl, R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —NR_(A)SO₂— or —C(O)N(R_(A))— groups, and/or terminated by an —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B) or —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) is independently selected from C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl, and each R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl.
 8. The method of claim 1, wherein in formula (IA), (i)(f) X₂ is halogen, aryl, alkynyl, or NR₁R₂, wherein R₁ and R₂ are each independently H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, or alkylheteroarylalkyl; and R is straight-chain-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein R_(A) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl, and R_(B) is independently selected from C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl.
 9. The method of claim 8, wherein X₂ is halogen, R is straight-chain-unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, which is terminated by a —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein R_(A) is hydrogen, and each R_(B) is independently selected from C₁-C₆ alkyl and cycloalkyl.
 10. The method of claim 9, wherein X₂ is Iodo, R is straight-chain-unsubstituted C₁—C₆ alkyl, which is terminated by a —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein R_(A) is hydrogen, and R_(B) is tert-butyl or cyclopropyl.
 11. The method of claim 8, wherein X₂ is alkynyl, R is straight-chain-unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, which is terminated by a —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein R_(A) is hydrogen, and each R_(B) is independently selected from C₁-C₆ alkyl and cycloalkyl.
 12. The method of claim 11, wherein X₂ is ethynyl, R is straight-chain-unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, which is terminated by a —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein R_(A) is hydrogen, and R_(B) is tert-butyl or cyclopropyl.
 13. The method of claim 1, wherein R is cyclopropane carboxylic acid 3-propyl-amide, N-3-propyl 2,2-dimethyl-propionamide, N-propyl-2-methyl-propane-2-sulfinamide, t-butanesulfonic acid 3-propylamide, or cyclopropanesulfonic acid 3-propylamide.
 14. The method of claim 1, wherein X₄ is H or F.
 15. The method of claim 1, wherein X₂ is optionally substituted heteroaryl.
 16. The method of claim 15, wherein X₂ is furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, oxazol-2-yl, or 5-methyloxazol-2-yl.
 17. The method of claim 1, wherein X₂ is alkynyl or NR₁R₂.
 18. The method of claim 17, wherein X₂ is ethynyl or dimethylamino.
 19. The method of claim 1, wherein X₂ is halo.
 20. The method of claim 19, wherein X₂ is I.
 21. A method for treating cancer or neurodegenerative disease comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (IA) or (IB):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: (a) each of Z₁, Z₂ and Z₃ is N; (b) Y is CH₂; (c) Xa, Xb, Xc and Xd are O, O, CH₂, and CH₂, respectively; (d) X₄ is hydrogen or halogen; and (e) X₂ and R are a combination selected from the following: (i) in formula (IA): (a) X₂ is NR₁R₂, wherein R₁ and R₂ are each independently H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, or alkylheteroarylalkyl, and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)— groups, and/or terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; or (b) X₂ is halogen, and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)— groups, and/or terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; or (c) X₂ is halogen, and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is terminated by a —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B) group, wherein R_(A) is selected from C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl, and R_(B) is selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; or (d) X₂ is aryl or alkynyl, and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)— groups, and/or terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; or (e) X₂ is aryl or alkynyl, and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is terminated by an —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B) or —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) is independently selected from C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl, and each R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; and (ii) in formula (IB), (a) X₂ is NR₁R₂, wherein R₁ and R₂ are each independently H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₁-C₆ alkenyl, C₁-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, or alkylheteroarylalkyl, and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)— groups, and/or terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; or (b) X₂ is halogen, aryl, or alkynyl, and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)— groups, and/or terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; or (c) X₂ is halogen, aryl, or alkynyl, and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B) or —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) is independently selected from C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl, and each R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl, wherein the neurodegenerative disease is selected from the group consisting of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (Kennedy's disease), Alzheimer's Disease (AD), chronic traumatic encephalopathy, frontal lobe dementia, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington disease, and wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of hematopoietic disorders, breast cancer, lung cancer, leukemia, lymphoma, pancreatic cancer, multiple myeloma, prostate cancer, glioma, colon cancer, gastric cancer, and ovarian cancer.
 22. A method for treating cancer or neurodegenerative disease comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (IA) or (IB):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: (a) each of Z₁, Z₂ and Z₃ is N; (b) Y is O; (c) Xa, Xb, Xc and Xd are independently selected from CH, CH₂, O, N, NH, S, carbonyl, fluoromethylene, and difluoromethylene selected so as to satisfy valence, wherein each bond to an X group is either a single bond or a double bond; (d) X₂ is halogen, aryl, alkynyl, or NR₁R₂, wherein R₁ and R₂ are each independently H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, or alkylheteroarylalkyl; (e) X₄ is hydrogen or halogen; and (f) R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)— groups, and/or terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl, wherein the neurodegenerative disease is selected from the group consisting of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (Kennedy's disease), Alzheimer's Disease (AD), chronic traumatic encephalopathy, frontal lobe dementia, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington disease, and wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of hematopoietic disorders, breast cancer, lung cancer, leukemia, lymphoma, pancreatic cancer, multiple myeloma, prostate cancer, glioma, colon cancer, gastric cancer, and ovarian cancer.
 23. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is for treating a neurodegenerative disorder selected from Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and frontal lobe dementia.
 24. The method of claim 21, wherein the method is for treating a neurodegenerative disorder selected from Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and frontal lobe dementia.
 25. The method of claim 22, wherein the method is for treating a neurodegenerative disorder selected from Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and frontal lobe dementia.
 26. The method of claim 1, wherein the hematopoietic disorders are selected from myeloproliferative disorders, myelofibrosis, polycythemia vera, and essential thrombocytosis.
 27. The method of claim 21, wherein the hematopoietic disorders are selected from myeloproliferative disorders, myelofibrosis, polycythemia vera, and essential thrombocytosis.
 28. The method of claim 22, wherein the hematopoietic disorders are selected from myeloproliferative disorders, myelofibrosis, polycythemia vera, and essential thrombocytosis.
 29. The method of claim 21, wherein the compound is of the following Formula:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 30. The method of claim 21, wherein X₂ is optionally substituted heteroaryl, and wherein the optionally substituted heteroaryl comprises furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, oxazol-2-yl, or 5-methyloxazol-2-yl.
 31. The method of claim 21, wherein X₂ is ethynyl, I, or dimethylamino.
 32. The method of claim 21, wherein in formula (IA), X₂ is NR₁R₂, wherein R₁ and R₂ are each independently H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, or alkylheteroarylalkyl, and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)— groups, and/or terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl.
 33. The method of claim 21, wherein in formula (IA): (i)(d) X₂ is aryl or alkynyl, and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)— groups, and/or terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; or (i)(e) X₂ is aryl or alkynyl, and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is terminated by an —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B) or —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) is independently selected from C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl, and each R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl.
 34. The method of claim 22, wherein X₂ is optionally substituted heteroaryl, and wherein the optionally substituted heteroaryl comprises furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, 5-methylfuran-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-3-yl, thiazol-2-yl, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl, oxazol-2-yl, or 5methyloxazol-2-yl.
 35. The method of claim 22, wherein X₂ is ethynyl, I, or dimethylamino.
 36. The method of claim 22, wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)— groups.
 37. The method of claim 22, wherein the R group is terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group.
 38. The method of claim 21, wherein in formula (IA), (b) X₂ is halogen, and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is interrupted by one or more —S(O)N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)S(O)—, —SO₂N(R_(A))—, —NR_(A)SO₂—, —C(O)N(R_(A))—, or —NR_(A)C(O)— groups, and/or terminated by an —S(O)NR_(A)R_(B), —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), —C(O)NR_(A)R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl; or (c) X₂ is halogen, and R is straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, straight-chain- or branched-substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the R group is terminated by a —SO₂NR_(A)R_(B) group, wherein R_(A) is selected from C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl, and R_(B) is selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₆ alkenyl, C₂-C₆ alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkylheteroarylalkyl.
 39. The method of claim 38, wherein R is straight-chain-unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, which is terminated by a —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, and cycloalkyl.
 40. The method of claim 39, wherein X₂ is Iodo, R is straight-chain-unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, which is terminated by a —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein R_(A) is hydrogen, and R_(B) is tert-butyl or cyclopropyl.
 41. The method of claim 40, wherein the compound is:


42. The method of claim 33, wherein X₂ is alkynyl, and R is straight-chain-unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, which is terminated by a —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein each R_(A) and R_(B) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl, and cycloalkyl.
 43. The method of claim 42, wherein X₂ is ethynyl, R is straight-chain-unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, which is terminated by a —NR_(A)S(O)R_(B), —NR_(A)SO₂R_(B), or —NR_(A)C(O)R_(B) group, wherein R_(A) is hydrogen, and R_(B) is tert-butyl or cyclopropyl.
 44. The method of claim 43, wherein the compound is:


45. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound is: 